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Subcutaneous Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis: Divergent IgA Responses in Nasal Mucosa and Blood With Validation of B Cell Class-Switching in Lymph Nodes and Blood.
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September 2025
Division of Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Background: Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) has been a cornerstone treatment for allergic rhinitis (AR) for over 50 years, consistently demonstrating symptom reduction and modulation of immune responses. Despite this, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the efficacy of SCIT remain incompletely understood, especially with regard to local immune responses in lymph nodes and nasal mucosa.
Aim: To determine the impact of SCIT treatment on immunoglobulin production in blood and nasal mucosa, as well as B cell class-switching in blood and lymph nodes.
Co-delivery of targeted hypoallergens and resiquimod powders using silk fibroin microneedles for effective allergen-specific immunotherapy.
Theranostics
August 2025
Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, 314000, China.
The cutaneous route exploits the immunocompetence of the skin, making it a favourable route for allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), but there must be a balance between minimal skin disruption and precise allergen delivery. Thus, we propose the use of powder-laden microneedles (pMNs) for the sustained epidermal delivery of powdery hypoallergens and immunomodulators. In this study, targeted hypoallergenic derivatives, namely, mannan-ovalbumin (mOVA) conjugates, were synthesized in a single-step process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeting ADAM17 to dampen dendritic cell-mediated type 2 immune responses and airway inflammation associated with allergic asthma.
Sci Rep
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Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Siksha-O-Anusandhan (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
The zinc containing matrix metalloproteinase enzyme regulates a diverse array of biological processes in health and disease, including ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 17) enzyme. Due to its large substrate profile, ADAM17 is known to regulate diverse pathways of inflammation and adaptive immunity. However, the role of ADAM17 in modulating the pathogenesis of type 2 allergic asthma is largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-IL-5 Vaccination Dampens Allergen-Specific IgE Levels and Modulates IL-4 and IL-5 Th2 Cytokines in Skin Allergy of Mice and Horses.
Allergy
August 2025
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.
Background: Skin allergies are among the most frequent types of allergies, where continuous investigation of the pathological immune mechanisms is required for a better understanding and a more effective treatment of the disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of interleukin (IL)-5 vaccination on allergen-specific IgE antibodies as well as T cell cytokine modulation in skin allergy using a mouse model and a naturally occurring disease in horses.
Methods: Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice, as well as horses affected by equine insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) were administered an anti-IL-5 vaccination, and allergen-specific IgE and IgG were quantified in the blood.
IgE and non-IgE-mediated pathways in anaphylaxis.
Semin Immunopathol
August 2025
Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur through both IgE- and non-IgE-mediated pathways. The classic IgE-mediated pathway involves allergen-specific IgE binding to FcεRI on mast cells and basophils, triggering degranulation and the release of inflammatory mediators. Non-IgE-mediated mechanisms, which are commonly associated with drug-induced reactions, at least in mice, involve the activation of the G-protein-coupled receptor (MRGPRX2), triggering mast cell degranulation in an IgE independent manner.
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