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Coordination between 5,5',6,6'-tetrahydroxyindigo (4OH-ID) and boron tribromide unexpectedly affords a novel dynamic covalent polymer, namely P(ID-O-B), consisting of alternating indigo and indigo diradicaloid units. The catechol-boron dynamic bond plays a vital role in promoting the diradicaloid formation and stabilizing the formed diradicaloid segments. The diradicaloid segment in the polymer has a triplet ground state and a thermally populated doublet state, which has been confirmed by the EPR study. Although not conjugated, the polymer still exhibits an electrical conductivity over 10 S cm. The SQUID study shows that the polymer is Pauli paramagnetic, indicating that the metallic domain exists in this non-conjugated polymer. This diradicaloid-containing polymer is stable toward long-term storage (over 6 months) and thermal treatment over 200 °C, but can be easily depolymerized when treated with methanol.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4sc06910b | DOI Listing |
Chem Commun (Camb)
September 2025
Inorganic Chemistry I Institute, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
Herein, we report a solid-state polycyclotrimerization of 1,4-diethynylbenzene using mechanochemical activation in a ball mill, yielding a highly porous and hydrophobic hyperbranched polymer (HBP) with a specific surface area of up to 570 m g. The reaction, catalyzed by Fe(hmds) and conducted under solvent-free conditions, was optimized by varying milling time and frequency. This method enables the efficient synthesis of insoluble, porous organic polymers with high yields (up to 95%) and offers an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional solution-based polymerizations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale
September 2025
Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore.
A crack-free and residue-free transfer technique for large-area, atomically-thin 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) such as MoS and WS is critical for their integration into next-generation electronic devices, either as channel materials replacing silicon or as back-end-of-line (BEOL) components in 3D-integrated nano-systems on CMOS platforms. However, cracks are frequently observed during the debonding of TMDCs from their growth substrates, and polymer or metal residues are often left behind after the removal of adhesive support layers wet etching. These issues stem from excessive angular strain accumulated during debonding and the incomplete removal of support layers due to their low solubility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pharm X
June 2025
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China.
Ultra-sensitive pH-responsive drug delivery system designed to operate within the slightly acidic microenvironment of tumors are highly desired for hydrogel applications in cancer therapy. In this study, 4-Formylbenzoic acid modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-FBA, PF) was synthesized and utilized as a carrier for encapsulating the anticancer drug Doxorubicin (Dox). This was subsequently crosslinked with polyethylenimine (PEI) via benzoic-imine bond to form drug-loaded PVA-FBA/PEI hydrogel (D-PFP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Nanomedicine
September 2025
Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia.
Background: Candidiasis, predominantly caused by , poses a significant global health challenge, especially in tropical regions. Nystatin is a potent antifungal agent that is hindered by its low solubility and permeability, limiting its clinical efficacy.
Methods: This study aimed to investigate the potential of a layer-by-layer (LBL) coating system, employing chitosan and alginate, to improve the stability, entrapment efficiency (%EE), and antifungal efficacy of nystatin-loaded liposomes against Candida albicans.
Mater Today Bio
October 2025
University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taborska Ulica 8, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia.
Catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is the most frequent healthcare associated infection, arising from microbial adhesion to catheter surfaces, biofilm development, and the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance. Many publications have addressed CAUTI epidemiology, biofilm biology, or biomaterials for catheters in isolation, yet there is little literature that connects these areas into a coherent translational perspective. This review seeks to fill that gap by combining an overview of biofilm pathophysiology with recent advances in material based innovations for catheter design, including nanostructured and responsive coatings, sensor enabled systems, additive manufacturing, and three dimensional printing.
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