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This study aimed to improve the quality of fermented fish Zaoyu by inoculating different starters (Chuzhai starter, Aroma starter and Sweetness starter), and examining the role of key microorganisms. High-throughput sequencing showed the microbial composition of Aroma starter was similar to Sweetness starter, but both were different from Chuzhai starter. Compared to traditional fermentation, inoculated fermentation with Aroma starter and Sweetness starter strengthened the color of Zaoyu by Maillard reaction and softened the muscle by degrading muscle fibers, endomysium and epicardium. Additionally, the taste and odor of Zaoyu were obviously improved, because the proportion of sweet, umami and aroma compounds increased by 2.51 %, 7.09 %, and 22.94 %, respectively. Correlation analysis combined with metabolic functions showed key microorganisms, such as Trichococcus, Rhizopus, Saccharomycopsis, Saccharomyces, etc., improved the quality mainly by promoting sugar production and conversion, and protein degradation. Overall, Aroma starter and Sweetness starter were superior in improving the quality of Zaoyu.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.142087 | DOI Listing |
Food Res Int
November 2025
Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Viale Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
The hop plant is gaining interest in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries due to its abundance of secondary metabolites. However, branches and leaves, despite their antioxidant potential, are typically discarded. To valorize these components as functional ingredients they were dried, milled into hop powder (HP), and used to enrich bread.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
November 2025
College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China. Electronic address:
High-temperature Daqu (HTD), an essential fermentation starter in sauce-aroma Baijiu, is characterized by complex microbial communities that vary significantly across production regions. Traditional HTD production faces challenges in consistency and quality control, hindering industrial scalability. This study compared 54 synthetic microbial communities (SynMC)-fortified HTD samples with 39 traditional HTD samples from core production regions, which are Renhuai, Luzhou, and Jinsha, respectively, to elucidate their microbial and metabolic profiles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Microbiol
September 2025
School of Basic Sciences, Technology and Engineering, National Open and Distance University, Pasto, Nariño, Colombia.
This study investigates the impact of a defined starter culture on the fermentation of cocoa beans and its influence on the production of volatile and non-volatile compounds related to sensory quality. A microbial consortium comprising Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia kudriavzevii, Levilactobacillus brevis, and Acetobacter okinawensis was selected based on their enzymatic activity and acid regulation properties. Fermentation trials showed that the starter culture enhanced the synthesis of key volatile compounds, particularly esters and higher alcohols, such as 2-phenylethanol and 2-phenylethyl acetate, which contribute floral and fruity aromas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
August 2025
National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Baijiu is a traditional distilled liquor unique to China. Its distinctive flavor is shaped by the synergistic activity of complex microbial communities, among which yeasts play a central role in sugar metabolism, ethanol fermentation, and aroma synthesis. In recent years, the advancement of isolation and cultivation techniques, high-throughput sequencing, metagenomics, and multi-omics technologies has deepened our understanding of yeast community compositions, succession patterns, and functional characteristics during Baijiu brewing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Microbiol
January 2026
Department of Wine, Vine and Beverage Sciences, School of Food Science, University of West Attica, 28 Ag. Spyridonos St., Egaleo, 12243, Greece. Electronic address:
Zygosaccharomyces bailii is a non-conventional wine yeast, traditionally recognized for its spoilage potential in food and beverages. However, strain-level variability within this species presents an opportunity to identify efficient, non-spoilage strains with promising applications as wine starter cultures. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between indigenous strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Z.
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