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This study evaluated the association between pediatric multiple sclerosis and vaccinations within 5 years before diagnosis using German ambulatory claims data. Children with multiple sclerosis ( = 346) aged 9-17 were analyzed with logistic and Poisson regression. Control groups included children with Crohn's disease, psoriasis, and no autoimmune diseases. The results indicated a negative association between vaccinations and pediatric multiple sclerosis, with no significant risk identified. This negative relationship was consistent in sensitivity and clinically isolated syndrome analyses. Overall, the study's findings do not support the hypothesis that vaccination is a risk factor for pediatric multiple sclerosis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13524585241297003 | DOI Listing |
Sci Transl Med
September 2025
Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland.
Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are essential for the formation of myelin sheaths and pivotal for maintaining axonal integrity and conduction. Disruption of these cells and the myelin sheaths they produce is a hallmark of demyelinating conditions like multiple sclerosis or those resulting from certain drug side effects, leading to profound neurological impairments. In this study, we created a human brain organoid comprising neurons, astrocytes, and myelinating oligodendrocytes.
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September 2025
Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
IFN-β, a type I interferon, has been used as a first-line therapy for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) for more than 30 years; however, the cellular and molecular basis of its therapeutic efficacy remains unclear. Here, we first used experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model for MS, to show that the therapeutic effects of IFN-β were associated with a down-regulation of microRNA-21 (miR-21) and pathogenic T17 (pT17) cells. In vitro experiments demonstrated that genetic knockout of miR-21 directly inhibited pathogenic T17 cell differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener
September 2025
Department of Physiotherapy and Laboratory for Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Fatigue remains a poorly understood symptom in individuals with ALS, and little is known about its associtation with other symptoms, including functional impairment, cognition, and pain. To identify the levels of fatigue, pain, ALSFRS-R, and cognition of a Brazilian group of individuals with ALS, in order to verify possible influences between these symptoms and fatigue. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with individuals with ALS who were recruited intentionally, using a non-probabilistic sampling method.
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September 2025
Neuroimaging Unit, Neuroimmunology Division, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Neurology, VA Medical Center, TN Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background: There is limited knowledge on the post-glymphatic structures such as the parasagittal dural (PSD) space and the arachnoid granulations (AGs) in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Objectives: To evaluate differences in volume and macromolecular content of PSD and AG between people with newly diagnosed MS (pwMS), clinically isolated syndrome (pwCIS), or radiologically isolated syndrome (pwRIS) and healthy controls (HCs) and their associations with clinical and radiological disease measures.
Methods: A total of 69 pwMS, pwCIS, pwRIS, and HCs underwent a 3.
Alpha Psychiatry
August 2025
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, Jilin, China.
Background: The progressive legalization and widespread use of cannabis has led to its use as a treatment for certain neuropsychiatric disorders. Traditional epidemiological studies suggest that cannabis use has an effect on some neurocognitive aspects. However, it is unclear whether cannabis use is causally related to common neuropsychiatric disorders.
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