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Background: This retrospective observational matched cohort study assessed the differences in critical infections caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the omicron-predominant period of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We evaluated the vaccine effectiveness of bivalent mRNA vaccine compared to unvaccinated individuals.
Methods: We collected COVID-19 case data from the Korean COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness cohort. We calculated the probability of critical COVID-19 cases by comparing the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups.
Results: The risk of being critically infected due to SAR-CoV-2 infection was 5.96 times higher (95% confidence interval, 5.63-6.38) among older individuals who were unvaccinated compared to those who received the bivalent COVID-19 vaccine.
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the bivalent vaccine reduces the disease burden of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant, particularly among the older population. Further studies are warranted to determine the effectiveness of booster doses of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e258 | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Med
November 2025
Department of Basic Medical Science, Guangxi Health Science College, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530023, P.R. China.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is a type of cellular immunotherapy showing promising clinical effectiveness and high precision. CAR‑T cells express membrane receptors with high specificity, which enable them to identify certain target antigens generated by cancerous cells. The three primary structural elements of the CAR are the extracellular domain, transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic domain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmbryonic development follows a conserved sequence of events across species, yet the pace of development is highly variable and particularly slow in humans. Species-specific developmental timing is largely recapitulated in stem cell models, suggesting a cell-intrinsic clock. Here we use directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into neuroectoderm to perform a whole-genome CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen and show that the epigenetic factors Menin and SUZ12 modulate the speed of PAX6 expression during neural differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
August 2025
Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
mRNA vaccines emerged as a leading vaccine technology during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, their sustained protective efficacies were limited by relatively short-lived antibody responses and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, necessitating frequent and variant-updated boosters. We recently developed the ESCRT- and ALIX-binding region (EABR) mRNA vaccine platform, which encodes engineered immunogens that induce budding of enveloped virus-like particles (eVLPs) from the plasma membrane, thereby resulting in presentation of immunogens on cell surfaces and eVLPs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Pharm Sin B
August 2025
The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Allergic rhinitis (AR), a globally prevalent immune-mediated inflammatory condition, is still an incurable disease. In the present study, we have validated the impact of the Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1)-related oxidative stress and inflammatory response in clinical AR patient peripheral blood and nasal swab samples, emphasizing the biological relevance of Keap1 and AR. Targeting Keap1 -nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) related anti-oxidative stress may be effective for AR intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Reg Health West Pac
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Background: A safe and highly efficacious -produced HPV-16/18 bivalent vaccine (Cecolin®) offers a cost-effective cervical cancer prevention measure. Here, we report data on the long-term efficacy and immunopersistence up to 10 years post-vaccination.
Methods: In the Phase III clinical trial (NCT01735006), 7372 women were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive the HPV or control vaccine (hepatitis E vaccine).