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This case report presents the first molecular identification of a gammacoronavirus in a free-ranging striped dolphin () that was found stranded along the Croatian coastline in 2022. The dolphin exhibited a concurrent infection with cetacean morbillivirus. The gammacoronavirus strain was amplified and sequenced from heart tissue imprinted on an FTAcard, revealing a notable genetic distance (approximately 8%) from previously characterized cetacean gammacoronaviruses. This finding highlights the importance of including gammacoronaviruses in routine diagnostics for stranded dolphins to gather epidemiological data on their prevalence and potential role in causing disease in cetaceans. This study sets the premises for a further understanding of the diversity and distribution of gammacoronaviruses in marine mammals and highlights the necessity for ongoing surveillance of emerging infectious diseases in wild populations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14182725 | DOI Listing |
Vet Sci
July 2025
Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
Bycatch is the most common cause of death of small delphinids worldwide, including the Mediterranean Sea. The diagnosis of bycatch as cause of death in stranded cetaceans depends on the cumulative presence of multiple findings, termed bycatch criteria. In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the presence of bycatch criteria in 138 necropsied cetaceans, 136 stranded and 2 confirmed bycaught, in the Catalan Mediterranean Sea across a 13-year period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
August 2025
Department of Biology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
Effective species identification is crucial for the conservation and management of marine mammals, particularly in regions such as the Mediterranean Sea, where several cetacean populations are endangered or vulnerable. In this study, we developed and validated a High-Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis protocol for the rapid, cost-effective, and reliable identification of the four representative marine cetacean species that occur in the Mediterranean Sea: the bottlenose dolphin (), the striped dolphin (), the sperm whale (), and the fin whale (). Species-specific primers targeting mitochondrial DNA regions (cytochrome b and D-loop) were designed to generate distinct melting profiles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
July 2025
Department of Biology, Ecology, and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
The Caprera Canyon, a submarine canyon system off Sardinia in the western Mediterranean, was thought to be an important cetacean habitat, though studies on the area remained limited. To address this knowledge gap, 216 boat-based surveys were conducted between 2011 and 2019, covering 8443 km, using both research and whale-watching vessels. The distribution, diversity, relative abundance (Encounter Rate - ER), and habitat use of cetaceans were described, along with relevant behavioural and ecological observations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Parasitol Parasites Wildl
August 2025
CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal.
Understanding the dynamics of the interaction of marine parasites with their hosts, especially in terms of diversity, distribution and pathogenicity can be of great importance in a Global Change era. Monitoring the parasite diversity of marine mammals holds not only ecological importance but also can be of significance for public health. However, there is a scarcity of parasitological research on cetaceans in the eastern Atlantic Ocean, namely in Portugal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Environ Res
September 2025
Oceanswell, Colombo, Sri Lanka; University of Western Australia Oceans Institute, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
The Ninety East Ridge (NER) is one of the longest mid-ocean ridges in the world - running approximately 5600 km along the 90° Meridional line - in the eastern Indian Ocean. The northernmost area of the Ninety East Ridge is within 500 km of land; however, the majority extends far into the high seas and there are few surveys that detail marine mammal diversity in the region. Here we conducted a visual-acoustic survey for cetaceans using the SY Rainbow Warrior for 10 days from the February 22 to the March 2, 2024 covering 2843 km of survey effort, with 2100 km across the NER.
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