Research on the Cell Wall Breaking and Subcritical Extraction of Astaxanthin from .

This study focused on developing an effective cell wall-breaking method for , followed by utilizing subcritical fluid extraction to isolate, extract, and concentrate astaxanthin from the complex fermentation products of . A comprehensive comparison of seven distinct methods for disrupting cell walls, including dimethyl sulfoxide treatment, lactic acid treatment, sodium hydroxide treatment, -glucanase enzymatic digestion, -mannanase enzymatic digestion, and a combined enzymatic treatment involving both -mannanase and -glucanase was conducted. The results identified the lactic acid method as the most effective in disrupting the cell walls of . The software, Design Expert, was used in the process of extracting astaxanthin from cell lysates using a subcritical extraction method. Through fitting analysis and response surface optimization analysis by Design Expert, the optimal extraction conditions were determined as follows: an extraction temperature of 41 °C, extraction frequency of two times, and extraction time of 46 min. These parameters facilitated the efficient extraction, concentration, and enrichment of astaxanthin from , resulting in an astaxanthin concentration of 540.00 mg/L. This result can establish the foundation for its high-value applications.