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Although Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) is the most important imaging for visualizing cerebrovascular anatomy, its interpretation by clinicians remains difficult. This is particularly true when treating arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), where entangled vasculature connecting arteries and veins needs to be carefully identified. The presented method aims to enhance DSA image series by highlighting critical information via automatic classification of vessels using a combination of two learning models: An unsupervised machine learning method based on Independent Component Analysis that decomposes the phases of flow and a convolutional neural network that automatically delineates the vessels in image space. The proposed method was tested on clinical DSA images series and demonstrated efficient differentiation between arteries and veins that provides a viable solution to enhance visualizations for clinical use.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3006740 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Case Rep
September 2025
Neurosurgery, AIIMS Rishikesh, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
Vein of Galen malformation (VGM) is an uncommon vascular anomaly, with spontaneous thrombosis within it being exceedingly rare. This case report describes a paediatric patient in early adolescence who presented with a 15-day history of holocranial headache and vomiting. Examination revealed significant papilloedema, and imaging confirmed a thrombosed VGM causing upstream hydrocephalus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiol Rev
September 2025
Departments of Cardiology and Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal connections between cerebral arteries and veins that lack an intervening capillary bed. Brain AVMs affect approximately 0.1% of the population and are diagnosed in 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurg Case Rep
September 2025
Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan.
Introduction: Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome, or hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), is a rare autosomal dominant genetic vascular disease characterized by arteriovenous malformations, vascular wall fragility, dilatation, and rupture of the vessels with hepatic symptoms. As HHT with hepatic symptoms is recognized as the primary etiology for liver transplantation, liver transplantation with liver grafts from donors affected by HHT is extremely rare. Herein, we report a successful liver transplantation in a patient with biliary atresia who received a whole-liver graft from a young brain-dead donor with HHT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
September 2025
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Tracheobronchial Dieulafoy's disease (TBDD) is a rare bronchial artery vascular malformation, characterized clinically by sudden, recurrent, and life-threatening massive hemoptysis. This article reports the case of a 9-year-old female patient who presented with massive hemoptysis lasting two weeks. Following ineffective treatment at a local hospital, she was transferred to our institution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Eng Phys
October 2025
Ansys Inc., Houston, TX 77094, USA.
Introduction: Benchtop and animal models have traditionally been used to study the propagation of Onyx Liquid Embolic Systems (Onyx) used in the treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM). However, such models are costly, do not provide sufficient detail to elucidate how variations in Onyx viscosity alter flow dynamics, and rely on some trial-and-error, resulting in elongated timelines for product development.
Objectives: The goal of this study was to leverage Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to predict the behavior of different Onyx formulations.