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The helper's allocation of helping resources to multiple recipients often involves a trade-off between equality and efficiency. This research examines how the condition of potential recipients ("survival" or "development") influences the preferences for helping resources allocation in terms of equality and efficiency. Through seven studies, including a field study (Study 6), we discovered that helpers show a higher preference for equality over efficiency when recipients are in a survival situation (i.e., below the survival line) as opposed to in development situation (i.e., above the survival line). This phenomenon is attributed to the different priorities of deontological and utilitarian perspectives in survival and development situations (Studies 3 and 4). Our findings offer insights into the existing research on helping decisions and enhance the understanding of the trade-off between efficiency and equality among helpers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xap0000516 | DOI Listing |
iScience
September 2025
Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.
Forest loss, fragmentation, and transformation negatively impact forest biodiversity and ecosystem functionality worldwide. Improving landscape intactness and connectivity through restoration is critical. Determining where to restore remains, however, a challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
September 2025
School of Chemical Engineering, Minhaj University Lahore Lahore 54000 Punjab Pakistan.
Naomaohu lignite (NL) from Hami, Xinjiang, was ultrasonically extracted with a mixed solvent of CS and acetone (in equal volumes) to obtain the extract residue (ER). The ER was then separated based on density differences with CCl to yield the corresponding light residue (NL-L). The composition and structural characteristics of the light residue were characterized by proximate, ultimate, infrared, and thermogravimetric analyses (TG-DTG).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Sci Sleep
September 2025
Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Purpose: Depression patients frequently report sleep disorder. Aerobic exercise is believed to improve sleep quality, but its effect on the overall sleep of depressed patients remains uncertain. This study systematically evaluates the effects of aerobic exercises at different intensities on subjective and objective sleep quality in participants diagnosed with depression or at high risk of depression, from studies covering various depression subtypes (including but not limited to geriatric depression, prenatal depression, and poststroke depression), and examines changes in depression, anxiety, and quality of life following aerobic exercise.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Esp Urol
August 2025
Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510230 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Objectives: This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of five categories of intracorporeal lithotripsy devices in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL): Pneumatic lithotripters, ultrasonic lithotripters, double-probe dual-energy lithotripters, single-probe dual-energy (SPDE) lithotripters and lasers.
Methods: A network meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane were utilised to search for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) up to 10 August 2024.
Inorg Chem
September 2025
Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
A potential replacement that alleviates the shortcomings of the dominant light absorber materials used in solar photovoltaics has been synthesized, and its microstructural, electronic structure, and optical properties have been investigated. KCuS crystals were synthesized by the carbonate method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) established [010] as the growth direction of the needle-like monoclinic crystals.
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