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Synaptic AMPA receptors (AMPARs) on neuronal plasma membranes are correlated with learning and memory. Using a unique labeling and super-resolution imaging, we have visualized the nanoscale synaptic and extra-synaptic organization of native AMPARs for the first time in mouse brain slices as a function of brain region and tauopathy. We find that the fraction of surface AMPARs organized in synaptic clusters is two-times smaller in the hippocampus compared to the motor and somatosensory cortex. In 6 months old PS19 model of tauopathy, synaptic and extrasynaptic distributions are disrupted in the hippocampus but not in the cortex. Thus, this optimized super-resolution imaging tool allows us to observe synaptic deterioration at the onset of tauopathy before apparent neurodegeneration.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.22.604547 | DOI Listing |
bioRxiv
July 2025
Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system enables the encoding, storing, and integrating new information. AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) are ligand-gated ion channels that mediate most fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain, and plasticity of AMPARs signaling underlies the long-lasting changes in synaptic efficacy and strength important for learning and memory. Recent work has indicated that the enigmatic N-terminal domain (NTD) of AMPARs may be a critical regulator of synaptic targeting and plasticity of AMPARs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropharmacology
November 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address:
Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are critical sedative, anticonvulsant, and anxiolytic drugs that potentiate inhibitory GABAergic neurotransmission. However, clinical utility is hampered by drug tolerance and a hyperexcitable withdrawal syndrome characterized by neuronal excitation/inhibition (E/I) imbalance. Although enhanced excitation is implicated in BZD tolerance, the homeostatic changes to glutamatergic receptors remain undefined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Genet
July 2025
Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Regulation of AMPA Receptor (AMPAR) levels at synapses controls synaptic strength and is a major mechanism underlying learning and memory. Growing evidence indicates that AMPAR trafficking can be regulated by extracellular factors. Here, we show that the insulin-like peptide INS-27 mediates a muscle-to-neuron signal that promotes surface levels of the C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
August 2025
Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616-8636, USA. Electronic address:
Signaling by norepinephrine (NE) via adrenergic receptors (ARs) mediates attention, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. AMPA receptors (AMPARs) form a complex with βARs, G, adenylyl cyclase, and protein kinase A (PKA) to augment AMPAR phosphorylation and, thereby, surface expression. We show that signaling by intracellular βARs is required for these effects and two different forms of long-term potentiation (LTP) that depend on βAR signaling and phosphorylation of the AMPAR GluA1 subunit on S845.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Psychiatry
July 2025
Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
Background: Catatonia is a psychomotor disorder characterized by diverse clinical features, including mutism, stereotypy, posturing, waxy flexibility, and echophenomena. This condition is often observed in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, in which impaired glutamatergic transmission through antibody-mediated NMDAR internalization is demonstrated. However, cases of anti-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) encephalitis presenting as catatonia have rarely been reported, and the mechanisms underlying such presentation remain unclear.
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