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Cell-fusion mediated generation of multinucleated syncytia represent critical feature during viral infection and in development. Efficiency of syncytia formation is usually illustrated as fusion efficiency under given condition by quantifying total number of nuclei in syncytia normalized to total number of nuclei (both within syncytia and unfused cell nuclei) in unit field of view. However heterogeneity in multinucleated syncytia sizes poses challenge in quantification of cell-fusion multinucleation under diverse conditions. Taking in-vitro SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein variants mediated virus-cell fusion model and placenta trophoblast syncytialization as cell-cell fusion model; herein we emphasize wide application of simple unbiased detailed measure of virus-cell and cell-cell multinucleation using experiential cumulative distribution function (CDF) and fusion number events (FNE) approaches illustrating comprehensive metrics for syncytia interpretation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150281 | DOI Listing |
Bull Math Biol
July 2025
School of Mathematics, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China.
Despite the substantial success of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in suppressing HIV replication, achieving a complete cure remains challenging due to the persistence of viral reservoirs. The use of latency-reversing agents (LRAs) combined with natural killer (NK) cells in a "shock-and-kill" strategy has been experimentally confirmed as an effective approach to reducing reservoirs. Here, we utilized an HIV infection mathematical model that incorporates both 'virus-cell' and 'cell-cell' infection modes to assess the dynamic synergy of ART, LRAs, and NK cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiol Spectr
March 2025
State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.
ine orporator 5 (INC5, SER5) suppresses viral cell-free infection. However, its antiviral potency under viral cell-cell infection is not examined yet. Here, we established the cell-cell infection systems to assess SER5's antiviral activity on HIV-1 and bovine leukemia virus (BLV).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSubcell Biochem
December 2024
Unidad de Biología Viral, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Viruses are intracellular parasites that hijack the cellular machinery for their own replication. Therefore, an obligatory step in the virus life cycle is the delivery of the viral genome inside the cell. Enveloped viruses (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Virol
December 2024
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion protein (F) facilitates virus-cell membrane fusion, which is critical for viral entry, and cell-cell fusion. In contrast to many type I fusion proteins, RSV F must be proteolytically cleaved at two distinct sites to be fusogenic. Cleavage at both sites results in the release of a 27 amino-acid fragment, termed Pep27.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Biophys Res Commun
September 2024
Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India. Electronic address:
Cell-fusion mediated generation of multinucleated syncytia represent critical feature during viral infection and in development. Efficiency of syncytia formation is usually illustrated as fusion efficiency under given condition by quantifying total number of nuclei in syncytia normalized to total number of nuclei (both within syncytia and unfused cell nuclei) in unit field of view. However heterogeneity in multinucleated syncytia sizes poses challenge in quantification of cell-fusion multinucleation under diverse conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF