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Plants endure the repercussions of environmental stress. As the advancement of global climate change continues, it is increasingly crucial to protect against abiotic and biotic stress effects. Some naturally occurring plant compounds can be used effectively to protect the plants. By externally applying priming compounds, plants can be prompted to trigger their defensive mechanisms, resulting in improved immune system effectiveness. This review article examines the possibilities of utilizing exogenous alpha-, beta-, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (AABA, BABA, and GABA), which are non-protein amino acids (NPAAs) that are produced naturally in plants during instances of stress. The article additionally presents a concise overview of the studies' discoveries on this topic, assesses the particular fields in which they might be implemented, and proposes new avenues for future investigation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25116203 | DOI Listing |
J Appl Toxicol
September 2025
Research Centre for Veterinary Toxicology (CEPTOX) - Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
L-mimosine is a non-protein amino acid primarily found in the Mimosoideae subfamily, with high concentrations in Leucaena leucocephala and Mimosa pudica. These plants are widely used in both human and animal nutrition, as well as in phytotherapeutic applications. While the toxic effects of L-mimosine have been extensively studied in ruminants, its impact on monogastric species remains unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Nutr
August 2025
STLO, INRAE, L'Institut Agro, Rennes, France.
This review examines the differences in protein composition, digestion, and physiological effects on infants between human milk (HM) and infant formula (IF). The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life due to the numerous health benefits associated with it. However, when this is not possible, IF is used as an alternative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
September 2025
Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Research Group 'Ubiquitin Signaling Specificity', Göttingen, Germany.
The ubiquitin system regulates eukaryotic physiology by modifying myriad substrate proteins. Substrate specificity and the assembly of ubiquitin signals are determined by ubiquitin ligases, some of which also modify non-protein biomolecules. Here we expand this substrate realm, revealing that the human ligase HUWE1 can target drug-like small molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Complement Med Ther
September 2025
Department of Life Sciences, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad - 09, Gujarat, India.
Breast cancer remains the leading cause of mortality among women globally, primarily due to its heterogeneity and complex pathophysiology. Conventional treatments such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy often face limitations, including significant side effects and the development of drug resistance. Consequently, there is an urgent need to identify novel, effective natural compounds with anti-tumor properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCompr Rev Food Sci Food Saf
September 2025
Nestlé Development Centre Nutrition, Wyeth Nutritional's Ireland, Limerick, Ireland.
This article provides a thorough review of various analytical methods utilized for the identification and quantification of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) components in infant formula (IF), specifically focusing on key NPN components such as urea, nucleotides, and free amino acids. Quantifying these components is essential for ensuring the nutritional quality of IF. The review evaluates the sensitivity, specificity, and applicability of different analytical techniques when applied to a complex matrix (i.
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