High throughput screening of semiconductors with low lattice thermal transport induced by long-range interactions.

Semiconductors with long-range interactions (LRI) due to resonant bonding exhibit delocalized electronic states and low lattice thermal conductivity, contributing to the efficiency of heat-to-electricity conversion. Here, we build a descriptor for high-throughput screening of LRI materials from the second-order interaction force constants. We identify 75 semiconducting candidates from the binary compounds in the MatHub-3d database that contain LRI. By analyzing the bonding properties of LRI atoms, we classify LRI in materials into two categories: type I and type II. In the structural unit of type I LRI, the atoms have strong bond connections, while a weak bond exists between the two groups in the structural unit of type II LRI. We have identified atypical type I LRI formed by Sb-Sb and Mg-Mg pairs in the emerging thermoelectric material MgSb, resulting in the softening of TA phonons and large anharmonicity. For type II LRI, the LRI of Ge-Ge and Se-Se pairs in 3-GeSe can cross different layers. Moreover, we observe a combination of type II LRI and rattling effect in BaSe to restrict thermal transport. This work is of great significance for understanding the relationship between LRI and thermal transport properties, and for designing new LRI-induced low lattice thermal conductivity materials.