98%
921
2 minutes
20
Microfluidic-based cytotoxic assays provide high physiological relevance with the potential to replace conventional animal experiments and two-dimensional (2D) assays. Here, a 3D method utilizing a microfluidic platform for analysis of lymphocyte cytotoxicity is introduced in detail, including platform design, cell culture method, real-time cytotoxic assay setup, and image-based analysis. A 2D experimental method is used for comparison, which effectively demonstrates the advantages of 3D microfluidic platforms in closely recapitulating immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, a wide range of experimental possibilities and applications using microfluidic 3D cytotoxic assays is introduced in this chapter, along with their capabilities, limitations, and future outlook.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3850-7_13 | DOI Listing |
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
Glioblastoma is a highly malignant brain tumor with few available therapeutic options, for which boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has emerged as a promising precision radiotherapy approach. However, its efficacy remains suboptimal due to inadequate tumor targeting of boron agents and lack of in vivo visualization. Herein, a gadolinium-boron integrated lipid nanocarrier (BPA-F&DOTA-Gd@LIPO-ANG) was developed for targeted boron delivery and MRI-guided BNCT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
Departamento de Física - FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-901, Brazil.
We synthesized europium-doped gadolinium fluoride (GdF:Eu) scintillating nanoparticles conjugated to methylene blue (MB) for singlet oxygen (O) generation in X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy (X-PDT). The impact of MB conjugation on GdF:Eu nanoparticles (GdF@B) was analyzed, including size, polydispersity, and surface charge. Time-resolved photoluminescence analysis demonstrated that binding of MB to the nanoparticle surface is essential for enabling efficient resonant energy transfer (ET) from the GdF:Eu core to the MB molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Nanomedicine
August 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Purpose: Lipopolyplexes (LPP), i.e. hybrid ternary complexes of cationic polymers, nucleic acids and liposomes, represent a second-generation non-viral vector aiming to overcome the limitations of the first-generation polyplexes and lipoplexes like in vivo toxicity and ineffective transfection efficiency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLab Chip
August 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Block copolymer fluorosurfactants are frequently utilized to stabilize water-oil interfaces in droplet microfluidics, enabling parallel and compartmentalized biochemical reactions within individual droplets. Surfactants are able to self-assemble into inverse micelles with the concentration exceeding the critical micelle concentration (CMC), which has been identified as the main reason causing cross-contamination among droplets. This study explored the possibility to utilize the inverse micelles for passive cargo delivery from the fluorocarbon oil phase into the aqueous droplet interior, which has rarely been studied previously.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Histochem
August 2025
Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India; ACS-Advanced Medical Research Institute, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600077, India. Electronic address:
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses considerable clinical challenges due to its aggressive nature, early metastasis, and limited treatment options. The simplified 2D models and the physiological differences in animal models often result in inconsistent responses to anticancer drugs. To tackle these challenges, three-dimensional (3D) in vitro bioengineered models that accurately replicate the in vivo tumor microenvironment (TME) have been developed, offering a more reliable platform for preclinical drug testing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF