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A novel strategy in which palladium(II)-catalyzed tandem cyclization is used to obtain N-heterocyclic architectures containing a seven-membered ring has been developed and used to synthesize a series of derivatives. The reaction uses an eco-friendly mixed solvent (water : EtOH = 2 : 1) instead of DMSO and maintains a high yield (91%). Its potential application value and reaction mechanism have also been explored.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3cc06321f | DOI Listing |
Org Biomol Chem
August 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
Directing groups have been widely used for transition metal-catalyzed regioselective C-H functionalizations. The heteroatoms in the directing group coordinate with the metal catalyst and activate relatively inert C-H bonds. However, after the desired C-H functionalization, the directing groups may not always be necessary, so their removal demands extra synthetic steps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater
August 2025
Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Kraków, Poland.
In an effort to provide a universal platform for remotely controlling the behavior of various cell lines, we present a strategy for fabricating 'smart' polymer sandwiches using a nanogel attached to temperature-responsive grafted brush coatings. These coatings can be easily modified to meet the requirements of specific cell types while preserving responsiveness. First, temperature-responsive grafted copolymer brush coatings of poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) with a small amount of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were synthesized on glass surfaces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Biomater Sci Eng
August 2025
School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada.
Monocytes originate in the bone marrow and make up 2-10% of all white blood cells, circulating in the blood to damaged tissue and disease sites, where they differentiate into macrophages or dendritic cells. In solid tumors such as glioblastoma, monocytes recruited from the blood to the tumor site differentiate into tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which play a key role in tumor progression and metastasis. The endothelial vessel wall plays a significant role in the migration, activation, and polarization of these monocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Sci
July 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2093 Constant Ave, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA. Electronic address:
Adjuvants are a necessary excipient in most vaccine formulations to promote efficient antigen uptake and sampling by professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) in local tissues and regional lymph nodes. Nanoparticles have the unique capacity to serve as both antigen carriers and adjuvants by virtue of their size, shape, and modifiable surface properties. Nanodiamonds represent a novel type of diamond-based nanoparticle because they have easily modified surface chemistry and high binding capacity for surface display of protein antigens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
June 2025
Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China. Electronic address:
Cancer is a worldwide public health problem that poses a serious threat to human health. Drug therapy, as the mainstay of cancer treatment, relies on carriers for the in vivo delivery of chemotherapeutic or nucleic acid-based drugs. Traditional drug delivery carriers have shortcomings, however, including a lack of targeting, uncontrollable release of drugs, and low stability, potentially leading to toxic side effects and reducing their antitumor efficacy.
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