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Pulmonary vascular diseases such as pulmonary embolism and pulmonary hypertension are important and frequently under-recognised conditions. This article provides an overview of key highlights in pulmonary vascular diseases from the European Respiratory Society International Congress 2023. This includes insights into disease modification in pulmonary arterial hypertension and novel therapies such as sotatercept and seralutinib. Exciting developments in our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease are also explored. A comprehensive overview of the complex relationship between acute pulmonary embolism and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is provided along with our current understanding of the molecular determinants of CTEPH. The importance of multidisciplinary and holistic care cannot be understated, and this article also addresses advances beyond medication, with a special focus on exercise training and rehabilitation.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10895433 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00847-2023 | DOI Listing |
JACC Case Rep
September 2025
Department of Cardiology, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy. Electronic address:
Background: Pulmonary hypertension is a contraindication to correction of tricuspid regurgitation.
Case Summary: A 75-year-old Italian woman with previous episodes of right heart failure was diagnosed with World Health Organization (WHO) functional class IV pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) complicated by torrential tricuspid regurgitation. After 6 months of treatment with diuretic agents, macitentan, and tadalafil, she improved to WHO functional class III, with a pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) decreasing from 5.
Heart Lung Circ
September 2025
Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA,
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a term that is increasingly used to describe interconnected conditions that lead to poor health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Historically, there have been very few targeted pharmacotherapies available that have changed cardiovascular outcomes for people with CKM syndromes; however, over the past decade, new pharmacologic options have rapidly expanded, with strong evidence for cardiovascular and kidney protective benefits in CKM conditions. Of note, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists have emerged as key therapeutic options and are now widely guideline-endorsed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNitric Oxide
September 2025
Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA; Translational Science Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA. Electronic address:
We recently demonstrated a rapid reaction between labile ferric heme and nitric oxide (NO) in the presence of reduced glutathione (GSH) or other small thiols in a process called thiol-catalyzed reductive nitrosylation, yielding a novel signaling molecule, labile nitrosyl ferrous heme (NO-ferroheme), which we and others have shown can regulate vasodilation and platelet homeostasis. Red blood cells (RBCs) contain high concentrations of GSH, and NO can be generated in the RBC via nitrite reduction and/or RBC endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) so that NO-ferroheme could, in principle, be formed in the RBC. NO-ferroheme may also form in other cells and compartments, including in plasma, where another small and reactive thiol species, hydrogen sulfide (HS/HS), is also present and may catalyze NO-ferroheme formation akin to GSH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
September 2025
The Radiology Department of Shanxi Provincial People' Hospital, Five Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China. Electronic address:
Liver fibrosis, a pivotal pathological stage in the progression of chronic liver diseases to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is characterized by liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) capillarization, oxidative stress imbalance, and cell pyroptosis. Current clinical interventions show limited efficacy in reversing fibrosis, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, we developed an L-arginine-loaded melanin-like nanozyme (L-Arg@MeNPs) that targets liver fibrosis through a triple-action mechanism: (1) sustained nitric oxiderelease from L-Arg restores LSEC fenestration, improving sinusoidal permeability; (2) the MeNPs exhibit catalase/superoxide dismutase-mimicking activity to scavenge reactive oxygen species, thereby blocking the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3/caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis pathway; and (3) intrinsic photoacoustic/magnetic resonance dual-modal imaging enables real-time therapeutic monitoring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Cancer
September 2025
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective anti-tumor agents, but new immune-related side effects (irAEs) are emerging. This retrospective cohort study investigated 461 lung cancer patients treated with ICIs over 2 years, analyzing changes in pulmonary artery diameter (PAD), aortic diameter (AoD), and the pulmonary artery/aortic diameter (PAD/AoD) ratio through chest computed tomography (CT) at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years post-treatment. The PAD increased from 25.
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