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Usnic acid has a variety of biological activities, and has been widely studied in the fields of antibacterial, immune stimulation, antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antiparasitic. Based on this, usnic acid is used as the lead compound for structural modification. In order to enhance the biological activity and solubility of usnic acid, scholars have carried out a large number of structural modifications, and found some usnic acid derivatives to be of more potential research value. In this paper, the structural modification, biological activity and structure-activity relationship of usnic acid were reviewed to provide reference for the development of usnic acid derivatives.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0113895575277085231123165546 | DOI Listing |
Chem Biodivers
September 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
Usnic acid, a compound from Usneae Filum, has shown notable antitumor effects. Nevertheless, the mechanism of its anti-NSCLC action remains incompletely elucidated. This study used metabolomics, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and dynamics simulation to investigate usnic acid's potential mechanism on NSCLC utilizing A549 cell samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchiff bases have various pharmacological activities due to the azomethine (-C=N-) group. Usnic acid is the most famous lichen metabolite and it contains two carbonyl groups to synthesize the Schiff base derivatives with primary amines. Therefore, in the current study, the known Schiff base derivatives (2-5) of usnic acid (1) were synthesized to explore their antidiabetic, neuroprotective, antioxidant, antidepressant and anti-Parkinson's properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoods
July 2025
Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Türkiye.
This study employed response surface methodology for the first-time optimization of the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of the total phenolic content (TPC) and ABTS from edible lichens, including , , , , and . Fourteen experimental points were generated using Design Expert Software, with the extraction temperature (25-40 °C), extraction time (5-20 min), and ethanol concentration (0-80%) as independent variables, and TPC and ABTS as dependent variables. The phenolic profile and mineral and antibacterial properties of the optimized lichen extracts were determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
July 2025
Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
Chirality plays a key role in the effectiveness and toxicity of bioactive compounds. Usnic acid (UA), a lichen metabolite, exists as two enantiomers. Despite numerous studies on its biological properties, enantioselective aspects remain poorly recognized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Med Chem
July 2025
Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia viale Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
The prevalence of human fungal infections (FIs) is rapidly increasing worldwide, posing substantial challenges to public health. The underestimation of FIs risk led to a limited knowledge of the fungal pathogenicity and a concomitant paucity of antimycotic drugs that are increasingly unable to effectively address resistance liabilities. The identification of innovative antifungal drugs is therefore an urgent need.
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