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X-chromosomal genetic variants are understudied but can yield valuable insights into sexually dimorphic human traits and diseases. We performed a sex-stratified cross-ancestry X-chromosome-wide association meta-analysis of seven kidney-related traits (n = 908,697), identifying 23 loci genome-wide significantly associated with two of the traits: 7 for uric acid and 16 for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), including four novel eGFR loci containing the functionally plausible prioritized genes ACSL4, CLDN2, TSPAN6 and the female-specific DRP2. Further, we identified five novel sex-interactions, comprising male-specific effects at FAM9B and AR/EDA2R, and three sex-differential findings with larger genetic effect sizes in males at DCAF12L1 and MST4 and larger effect sizes in females at HPRT1. All prioritized genes in loci showing significant sex-interactions were located next to androgen response elements (ARE). Five ARE genes showed sex-differential expressions. This study contributes new insights into sex-dimorphisms of kidney traits along with new prioritized gene targets for further molecular research.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-44709-1 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
July 2025
Organelle Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, 26426, Republic of Korea.
Sex is a key piece of patient information but is often not actively considered in drug use. This is partly due to the lack of molecular evidence at the gene expression level beyond sex chromosomes and sex hormones. We aim to investigate how sex differences in tissue-specific gene expression relate to FDA-approved drugs using the latest database of The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) V10.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Genet
July 2025
Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Sexually dimorphic traits are widespread in organisms and are crucial for reproduction and behavior. These traits are typically controlled by sex-specific genes. However, their regulatory mechanisms are complex and incompletely understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
July 2025
Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy.
Smelling is a human sense, expressing strong sexual dimorphisms. We aim to improve the knowledge of the genetics of human olfactory perception by performing an exploratory genome-wide association meta-analysis of up to 21,495 individuals of European ancestry. By sex-stratified and overall analysis of the identification of twelve odours and an identification score, we discovered ten independent loci, seven of them novel, with trait-wise genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10) involving five odours.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Bioinform
May 2025
Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Introduction: Bladder cancer shows distinct sex-related patterns, with male patients experiencing significantly higher incidence and female patients facing poorer survival outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the biological mechanisms underlying these differences using integrative multi-omics analysis.
Methods: We analyzed bladder cancer data from TCGA and GTEx, including genomic mutations, gene expression profiles, and clinical information.
Sleep Breath
May 2025
Universidad del Magdalena, Calle 29H3 No. 22-01, Santa Marta, 470004, Colombia.
Background: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is a brief instrument to identify sleep propensity. However, little is known about the psychometric performance of the Spanish version in university students. The study aimed to study the validity and reliability of the ESS in Colombian university students.
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