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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41435-023-00251-6 | DOI Listing |
Rev Med Liege
September 2025
Service de Diabétologie, Nutrition et Maladies métaboliques, CHU Liège, Belgique.
Tirzepatide is a unimolecular dual agonist of both glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptors, recently commercialized and reimbursed in Belgium for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Because of the complementarity of action of the two incretins, tirzepatide showed, in a dose-dependent manner (5, 10 and 15 mg as a once-weekly subcutaneous injection), a better efficacy (greater reduction in HbA1c and body weight) compared with placebo, semaglutide 1 mg, basal insulin and preprandial boluses of insulin lispro in six studies of the SURPASS programme. Tirzepatide tolerance is almost similar to that of pure GLP-1 receptor agonists, with digestive adverse events, most often during the first weeks after initiation, which justifies the recommendation of progressive titration every four weeks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParasitic infections of the central nervous system (CNS) represent a considerable health burden in low- and middle-income countries. During chronic disease, parasites modulate host immunity to ensure long-term persistence while limiting collateral tissue damage. A key feature of this immune remodeling is the progressive T-cell dysfunction that may culminate in T-cell exhaustion, characterized by increased expression of inhibitory receptors (TIM-3, LAG-3, KLRG1), checkpoint molecules (PD-1, PD-L1), suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1), and arginase-1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Chem Biol
September 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea. Electronic address:
The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome detects a broad spectrum of pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs), initiating inflammatory responses through caspase-1 activation and interleukin (IL)-1β/IL-18 release. Dysregulated NLRP3 activation is implicated in a range of diseases, including infectious diseases, autoinflammatory disorders, metabolic disorders, and cancer, making it an attractive therapeutic target. Here, we identify ZAP-180013 as a potent and selective small-molecule inhibitor of NLRP3 through high-throughput chemical screening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
September 2025
Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Regulatory T cells are essential for immune homeostasis. While CD4 T cells are well characterized, CD8 T cells remain less understood and are primarily observed in pathological or experimental contexts. Here, we identify a naturally occurring CD8 regulatory precursor T cell at the steady state, defined by a CD8HLA-DRCD27 phenotype and a transcriptome resembling CD4 T cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Int (Lond)
August 2025
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.
Punicalagin, a polyphenolic compound extracted from pomegranate peel, has received increasing attention in recent years due to its antibacterial and antiviral properties. Punicalagin is capable of inhibiting bacterial growth at sub-inhibitory concentrations by affecting cell membrane formation, disrupting membrane integrity, altering cell permeability, affecting efflux pumps, interfering with quorum sensing and influencing virulence factors. Additionally, punicalagin inhibits viruses by modulating enzyme activity, interacting with viral surface proteins, affecting gene expression, blocking viral attachment, disrupting virus receptor interaction and inhibiting viral replication.
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