First report of phenotypic and genotypic (bla) beta-lactam resistance in from broilers in Indonesia.

Background And Aim: is a zoonotic bacterium that is a major source of foodborne diseases. In humans, most cases of campylobacteriosis are caused by . Poultry is the main reservoir of for humans, because is part of the normal flora of the digestive tract of poultry. Antimicrobial resistance to several antibiotics in isolated from humans and food animals has increased rapidly. Beta-lactam is an antibiotic with a high prevalence of resistance in . This study aimed to investigate phenotypic and genotypic (bla) beta-lactam resistance in . from broilers in Indonesia.

Materials And Methods: A total of 100 samples of broiler intestinal contents were obtained from 10 broiler farms in Pasuruan Regency, Indonesia. was identified using conventional and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods. Phenotypic detection of beta-lactam resistance was performed using an antimicrobial susceptibility test with antibiotic disks of aztreonam, ampicillin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Genotypic detection by PCR was performed using the bla gene, which encodes beta-lactamase.

Results: was identified in 23% of the samples. Phenotypically, 100% (23/23) and 73.9% (17/23) isolates had high resistance to aztreonam and ampicillin, respectively, but all isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Genotypically, all isolates carried bla, indicated by the presence of a 372-bp PCR product.

Conclusion: is highly resistant to beta-lactams and is a serious threat to human health. Resistance to beta-lactams should be monitored because beta-lactamase genes can be transferred between bacteria. Public awareness must also be increased on the importance of using antibiotics rationally in humans and animals.