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Background: Transgender and intersex populations have long remained under-documented in South Korea, largely due to the absence of comprehensive epidemiological data. With increasing societal acknowledgment, there's an urgent need to understand the demographics and health challenges faced by these communities.
Methods: This retrospective, large-scale data study included people who received the F64 codes from the Korean Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service between January 2007 and December 2021. Demographics, gender-affirmative treatments, and psychiatric related medications were examined.
Results: Between 2007 and 2021, 8,602 patients were diagnosed with "gender identity disorder" and 45 with "intersex." A steadily increasing annual prevalence was observed, peaking at 986 cases in 2021. The majority (79.8%) were aged between 10 and 30. Nearly half (53.2%) exhibited mental and behavioral disorders. Two-thirds had been prescribed anxiolytics or sedatives either before or after diagnosis. Merely 12.1% received hormone therapy covered by health insurance.
Conclusion: This is the first large-scale study highlighting the demographics and clinical characteristics of the transgender and intersex populations in Korea. The study reveals a consistent growth of these communities over the past 15 years, with a significant proportion under 30 years of age facing mental and behavioral challenges. Findings underscore the need for targeted healthcare interventions, early psychological support, and comprehensive insurance coverage tailored to the specific needs of these individuals in Korea.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e385 | DOI Listing |
J Med Internet Res
September 2025
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, United States.
Background: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, intersex, asexual (LGBTQIA+) researchers and participants frequently encounter hostility in virtual environments, particularly on social media platforms where public commentary on research advertisements can foster stigmatization. Despite a growing body of work on researcher virtual hostility, little empirical research has examined the actual content and emotional tone of public responses to LGBTQIA+-focused research recruitment.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the thematic patterns and sentiment of social media comments directed at LGBTQIA+ research recruitment advertisements, in order to better understand how virtual stigma is communicated and how it may impact both researchers and potential participants.
Womens Health Issues
August 2025
VA HSR Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation and Policy (CSHIIP), VA Greater Los Angeles, VA Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California.
Background: Women veterans are the fastest growing group of new Veterans Health Administration (VA) users with more than half a million using VA care in 2018. VA has implemented policies and programs to meet the reproductive and sexual health (RSH) needs of women veterans who increasingly rely on VA to provide comprehensive care.
Objective: We aimed to describe changes in the prevalence of RSH diagnosis categories among women veterans using VA care in fiscal year (FY) 2010 and FY2018.
Commun Biol
August 2025
Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Understanding the neurophysiological changes underlying conscious-unconscious transitions is a key goal in neuroscience. Using magnetic resonance neuroimaging, we investigate the network connectivity and neurovascular changes occurring as the human brain transitions from wakefulness to dexmedetomidine-induced hypnosis, and recovery. Hypnosis led to widespread decreases in functional connectivity strength and increased structure-function coupling, indicating functional patterns more constrained by the underlying anatomical connectivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Pathol Lab Med
August 2025
the Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Tabbara).
Context.—: Ensuring equitable laboratory patient care within diverse populations is a priority. The cytopathology laboratory has an important role in providing gender-inclusive care, particularly with regard to screening and prevention of human papillomavirus-related carcinoma, for individuals who are transgender, gender nonbinary, intersex, and with same-gender sexual orientation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Adolesc Health
August 2025
Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
Purpose: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual plus (LGBTQ+) youth face significant barriers to mental health care, ranging from a lack of access to therapists, months-long waitlists, and lack of insurance coverage to receiving incompetent care from non-affirming providers. The current study sought to understand the experiences of LGBTQ+ youth when accessing mental health care.
Methods: The current study utilized a fixed, embedded mixed methods design with 808 LGBTQ+ youth in the United States.