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Type I interferons are best known for their antiviral role. Here, Ayala et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20230063) reveal that commensal bacteria elicit tonic type I interferons to prime dendritic cells and induce regulatory T cells that maintain a tolerogenic intestinal milieu.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20232011 | DOI Listing |
Ann Rheum Dis
September 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Objectives: Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a heterogeneous autoimmune condition needing targeted treatment approaches and improved understanding of molecular mechanisms driving clinical phenotypes. We utilised exploratory proteomics from a longitudinal North American cohort of patients with new-onset JDM to identify biological pathways at disease onset and follow-up, tissue-specific disease activity, and myositis-specific autoantibody (MSA) status.
Methods: We measured 3072 plasma proteins (Olink panel) in 56 patients with JDM within 12 weeks of starting treatment (from the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry and 3 additional sites) and 8 paediatric controls.
Redox Biol
September 2025
College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) are increasingly used across various industrial applications, raising concerns about their potential toxicity and necessitating comprehensive safety evaluations. In this study, we first evaluated the respiratory toxicity of CuONP exposure in a mouse model of asthma. CuONP exposure alone exacerbated asthma symptoms, as evidenced by increased airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammatory cell infiltration, and elevated cytokine production with increasing thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVirology
September 2025
Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address:
To better understand the contribution of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) receptor signaling to vaccine-induced immunity, we employed A129 (IFN-α/β receptor-deficient) and AG129 (IFN-α/β/γ receptor-deficient) mouse models. AG129 mice induced comparable levels of virus-specific IgG after vaccination with influenza virus H5 hemagglutinin (HA) virus-like particles (VLPs). Vaccinated AG129 mice with HA VLPs exhibited impaired Th1-immune responses, lower hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers, increased susceptibility to virus infection, and lower survival rates following influenza virus (H5N1) challenge than vaccinated A129 mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Adv Res
September 2025
Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KRIBB School of Advanced Bioconvergence, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Introduction: Natural killer (NK) cells are essential effectors in immune surveillance and cancer immunotherapy, but their function is often compromised by metabolic stress and environmental factors within the tumor microenvironment (TME). O-GlcNAcylation, a post-translational modification, regulates immune responses, yet its impact on NK cell function and therapeutic potential in immune cell-based therapies remains underexplored.
Objectives: This study investigates the effects of O-GlcNAcylation on NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and its potential as a therapeutic target to enhance tumor immunity.
J Allergy Clin Immunol
September 2025
Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. Electronic address: