High glucose induces FABP3-mediated membrane rigidity via downregulation of SIRT1.

High glucose induces an atypical lipid composition in skeletal muscle, leading to loss of muscle mass and strength. However, the mechanisms underlying this glucose toxicity are not fully understood. Analysis of genes associated with a phenotype using the BXD phenome resource revealed that increased Fabp3 expression in skeletal muscle correlated with hyperglycemia.

In-plane anisotropic two-dimensional materials for twistronics.

In-plane anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit in-plane orientation-dependent properties. The anisotropic unit cell causes these materials to show lower symmetry but more diverse physical properties than in-plane isotropic 2D materials. In addition, the artificial stacking of in-plane anisotropic 2D materials can generate new phenomena that cannot be achieved in in-plane isotropic 2D materials.

sp. nov., isolated from tidal flat sediment.

Two novel strains, SA3-5 and SA3-6, were isolated from a tidal flat (getbol) in the Republic of Korea. Strains SA3-5 and SA3-6 were subjected to polyphasic characterization to determine their taxonomic affiliations. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile by using peritrichous flagella.

Elucidation of the di-c-glycosylation steps during biosynthesis of the antitumor antibiotic, kidamycin.

Kidamycins belong to the pluramycin family of antitumor antibiotics that contain di-C-glycosylated angucycline. Owing to its interesting biological activity, several synthetic derivatives of kidamycins are currently being developed. However, the synthesis of these complex structural compounds with unusual C-glycosylated residues is difficult.

In-situ food spoilage monitoring using a wireless chemical receptor-conjugated graphene electronic nose.

Monitoring food spoilage is one of the most effective methods for preventing food poisoning caused by biogenic amines or microbes. Therefore, various analytical techniques have been introduced to detect low concentrations of cadaverine (CV) and putrescine (PT), which are representative biogenic polyamines involved in food spoilage (5-8 ppm at the stage of initial decomposition after storage for 5 days at 5 °C and 17-186 ppm at the stage of advanced decomposition after storage for 7 days at 5 °C). Although previous methods showed selective CV and PT detection even at low concentrations, the use of these methods remains challenging in research areas that require in-situ, real-time, on-site monitoring.

Controlling Graphene Wrinkles through the Phase Transition of a Polymer with a Low Critical Solution Temperature.

A novel method for controlling reduced graphene oxide (rGO) wrinkles through a phase transition in a solution using a low critical solution temperature (LCST) polymer dispersant has been developed. The polymer dispersant is designed by control of architecture and composition using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. Synthesized poly(2-(dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate-block-styrene) (PDbS) can be successfully functionalized on the rGO surface via noncovalent functionalization.

Single-shot deflectometry for dynamic 3D surface profile measurement by modified spatial-carrier frequency phase-shifting method.

We propose a new concept of single-shot deflectometry for real-time measurement of three-dimensional surface profile using a single composite pattern. To retrieve an accurate phase from one-frame composite pattern, we adapt the Fourier Transform (FT) method and the spatial carrier-frequency phase-shifting (SCPS) technique to our proposed deflectometry. Based on Lissajous figure and ellipse fitting method, we also correct the phase extraction error in SCPS technique by reducing the effect of background and modulation variations.

DDIAS suppresses TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by inhibiting DISC formation and destabilizing caspase-8 in cancer cells.

DNA damage-induced apoptosis suppressor (DDIAS) has an anti-apoptotic function during DNA damage in lung cancer. However, the anti-apoptotic mechanism of DDIAS in cancer cells under other conditions has not been reported. We report here that DDIAS protects cancer cells from tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis by two distinct mechanisms in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells.

Specific capture, recovery and culture of cancer cells using oriented antibody-modified polystyrene chips coated with agarose film.

Agarose gel can be used for three dimensional (3D) cell culture because it prevents cell attachment. The dried agarose film coated on a culture plate also protected cell attachment and allowed 3D growth of cancer cells. We developed an efficient method for agarose film coating on an oxygen-plasma treated micropost polystyrene chip prepared by an injection molding process.

A novel core 1 O-linked glycan-specific binding lectin from the fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus.

Mucin-type O-glycans are involved in biological functions on the cell surface as well as the glycoproteins and can also be used as specific carbohydrate biomarkers of many diseases. In this study, I purified a novel core 1 O-linked glycan specific lectin, Hericium erinaceus lecin (HeL), from the fruiting body of the mushroom Hericium erinaceus, which is known as the natural source for a sialic acid-binding lectin. Upon optimization of the purification conditions, a sequence of ion exchange, affinity, ion exchange, and size-exclusion chromatography resulted in the highest yield and best quality of lectin without protease activity.

Simultaneous measurements of top surface and its underlying film surfaces in multilayer film structure.

With the growth of 3D packaging technology and the development of flexible, transparent electrodes, the use of multilayer thin-films is steadily increasing throughout high-tech industries including semiconductor, flat panel display, and solar photovoltaic industries. Also, this in turn leads to an increase in industrial demands for inspection of internal analysis. However, there still remain many technical limitations to overcome for measurement of the internal structure of the specimen without damage.

Acidovorax lacteus sp. nov., isolated from a culture of a bloom-forming cyanobacterium (Microcystis sp.).

A novel Gram-negative, rod-shaped and motile bacterial strain, designated strain M36, was isolated from a culture of a bloom-forming cyanobacterium, Microcystis sp., collected from a eutrophic lake in Korea. Its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach.

Lacinutrix undariae sp. nov., isolated from a brown algae reservoir.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-flagellated, non-gliding and ovoid or rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain W-BA8T, was isolated from a brown algae reservoir on the South Sea, South Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Strain W-BA8T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0-7.

Complete genome sequence of a South Korean isolate of Brugmansia mosaic virus.

We determined the complete genome sequence of a South Korean (SK) isolate of Brugmansia mosaic virus (BruMV), which has recently been proposed to be a member of a new species in the genus Potyvirus. The genomic RNA of BruMV isolate SK is 9781 nucleotides in length (excluding the 3'-terminal poly (A)) and shares complete nucleotide and polyprotein amino acid sequence identities of 85.6 % and 93.