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Introduction: Neurofibromatosis 1 and schwannomatosis are characterized by potential lifelong morbidity and life-threatening complications. To date, however, diagnostic and predictive biomarkers are an unmet need in this patient population. The inclusion of biomarker discovery correlatives in neurofibromatosis 1/schwannomatosis clinical trials enables study of low-incidence disease. The implementation of a common data model would further enhance biomarker discovery by enabling effective concatenation of data from multiple studies.
Methods: The Response Evaluation in Neurofibromatosis and Schwannomatosis biomarker working group reviewed published data on emerging trends in neurofibromatosis 1 and schwannomatosis biomarker research and developed recommendations in a series of consensus meetings.
Results: Liquid biopsy has emerged as a promising assay for neurofibromatosis 1/schwannomatosis biomarker discovery and validation. In addition, we review recommendations for a range of biomarkers in clinical trials, neurofibromatosis 1/schwannomatosis-specific data annotations, and common data models for data integration.
Conclusion: These Response Evaluation in Neurofibromatosis and Schwannomatosis consensus guidelines are intended to provide best practices for the inclusion of biomarker studies in neurofibromatosis 1/schwannomatosis clinical trials, data, and sample annotation and to lay a framework for data harmonization and concatenation between trials.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17407745231203330 | DOI Listing |
Front Neurol
August 2025
The Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Boston, MA, United States.
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a hallmark symptom in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2-associated schwannomatosis (NF2-SWN), a genetic condition caused by mutations in the Neurofibromin II gene that encodes the tumor suppressor protein Moesin-Ezrin-Radixin-Like Protein (Merlin; also known as schwannomin). These mutations lead to the development of various tumors, including schwannomas, ependymomas and meningiomas along the vestibular nerve and the cerebellopontine angle. Original theories attributed SNHL in NF2-SWN to the mechanical compression of the vestibulocochlear nerve from the tumor itself, in addition to secretion of toxic tumor byproducts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Radiol
August 2025
School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
Introduction: Neurofibromatosis type 2 related Schwannomatosis (NF2-SWN) is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of vestibular schwannomas (VS), which often leads to progressive hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction. Accurate volumetric assessment of VS tumors is crucial for effective monitoring and treatment planning. Since tumor growth dynamics are often subtle, the resolution of MRI scans plays a critical role in detecting small volumetric changes that inform clinical decisions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNo Shinkei Geka
July 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, the University of Tokyo.
Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), now redefined as NF2-related schwannomatosis (NF2-SWN), is a hereditary tumor syndrome characterized by bilateral vestibular schwannomas, multiple meningiomas, and other central nervous system tumors. The revised diagnostic criteria incorporate genetic testing and consideration of somatic mosaicism, enabling a more accurate and earlier diagnosis. A strong genotype-phenotype correlation has been established: truncating mutations are associated with an earlier onset and severe clinical course, whereas missense or splice-site mutations are often linked to milder phenotypes and better functional outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Centre of Neurofibromatosis and Schwannomatosis, Centre for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
The study aimed to evaluate intracranial pressure (ICP) in NF2-associated meningiomas using perioperative optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurements. We retrospectively analyzed bilateral ONSD in 48 NF2 patients with 90 operated intracranial meningiomas. The mean ONSD was calculated while considering factors like symptoms of increased ICP, tumor location, tumor-induced venous sinus stenosis, and Simpson grading.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFam Cancer
August 2025
Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
SMARCB1 is a core unit of the BAF chromatin remodelling complex and its functional impairment interferes with the self-renewal and pluripotency of stem cells, lineage commitment, cellular identity and differentiation. SMARCB1 is also an important tumour suppressor gene and somatic SMARCB1 pathogenic variants (PVs) have been detected in ~ 5% of all human cancers. Additionally, germline SMARCB1 PVs have been identified in patients with conditions as clinically diverse as Rhabdoid Tumour Predisposition Syndrome type 1 (RTPS1), schwannomatosis and neurodevelopmental disorders such as Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS).
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