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The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway regulates diverse cellular processes, with finely tuned PI3Kδ activity being crucial for immune cell development and function. Genetic hyperactivation of PI3Kδ causes the inborn error of immunity activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome (APDS). Several PI3Kδ inhibitors have been investigated as treatment options for APDS, but only leniolisib has shown both efficacy and tolerability. In contrast, severe immune-mediated adverse events such as colitis, neutropenia, and hepatotoxicity have been observed with other PI3Kδ inhibitors, particularly those indicated for hematological malignancies. We propose that leniolisib is distinguished from other PI3Kδ inhibitors due to its structure, specific inhibitory properties selectively targeting the δ isoform without overinhibition of the δ or γ isoforms, and the precise match between APDS mechanism of disease and drug mechanism of action.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2023.09.016 | DOI Listing |
Expert Opin Ther Pat
September 2025
Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Rimini, Italy.
Introduction: Topoisomerase (topo) II inhibitors continue to represent a promising approach in anticancer therapy, although their clinical application is hampered by drug resistance and dose limiting toxicities.
Area Covered: We performed a critical analysis of patent literature from January 2016 to January 2025 on topo II inhibitors in oncology using the online databases Espacenet, Wipo, and Google patent.
Expert Opinion: Substantial progress in the development of novel topo II inhibitors through synthetic chemistry, natural product isolation, molecular modification, and in silico screening was recorded.
Urol J
September 2025
Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Purpose: Men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) often experience erectile dysfunction (ED). While transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) can improve ED, new-onset ED remains a concern. This study compares monopolar (M-TURP) and bipolar (B-TURP) techniques, with a subgroup analysis based on phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE5i) use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To describe our integrated pelvic fascial structure-sparing (IPFSS) technique for robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with intracorporeal orthotopic neobladder (ONB) reconstruction and to evaluate its impact on urinary continence and sexual function in male patients.
Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at a single high-volume center. Male bladder cancer patients who underwent IPFSS RARC with ONB were included.
Adv Healthc Mater
September 2025
Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
Compared to sun-exposed melanomas, acral melanomas are genetically diverse and occur in areas with low sun exposure and high mechanical loads. During metastatic growth, melanomas invade from the epidermis to the dermis layers through dense tumor stroma and are exposed to fibrillar collagen architectures and mechanical stresses. However, the role of these signals during acral melanoma pathogenesis is not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOncogene
September 2025
Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
It has become evident from decades of clinical trials that multimodal therapeutic approaches with focus on cell intrinsic and microenvironmental cues are needed to improve understanding and treat the rare, inoperable, and ultimately fatal diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), now categorized as a diffuse midline glioma. In this study we report the development and characterization of an in vitro system utilizing 3D Tumor Tissue Analogs (TTA), designed to replicate the intricate DIPG microenvironment. The innate ability of fluorescently labeled human brain endothelial cells, microglia, and patient-derived DIPG cell lines to self-assemble has been exploited to generate multicellular 3D TTAs that mimic tissue-like microstructures, enabling an in- depth exploration of the spatio-temporal dynamics between neoplastic and stromal cells.
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