Constraints on the maintenance of wild populations based on regression conservation.

To clarify the key factors constraining the maintenance of wild populations and to develop conservation strategies and technical links for current populations, we investigated the renewal status and distribution patterns of wild populations in the main distribution areas of China. We analyzed the effects of stand factors and human disturbance on population renewal and maintenance. The results showed that the overall regeneration of wild populations was poor. The basal diameter and height class structure of renewed individuals showed an unhealthy state. 19% of the area was well regenerated. There were three types of regeneration, including poor regeneration with few adult trees, poor regeneration with many adult trees, and good regeneration with few adult trees. The communities in which was found could be classified into + forest, spinney forest, and var. + forest. The renewal number of + forest was significantly higher than that of spinney forest. Increased stand density and moderate human disturbance contributed to the regeneration of . The regenerating seedlings increased significantly when stand density increased from low to medium. The number of regenerating populations in moderately disturbed habitats was significantly higher than those in lightly disturbed habitats. Human disturbance and habitat were currently critical constraints to maintaining and regenerating wild populations The conservation of should consider current status of population regeneration in each habitat patch to develop corresponding conservation and regression conservation measures and focus on the influence of critical factors such as disturbances and habitat conditions.