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Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse the current use, identify challenges and barriers and propose a way forward for the use of the pager devices in the in-hospital communications.
Methods: Initially, 447 studies were identified through database searching. After checking against the eligibility, 39 studies were included. Full-text records were retrieved and reviewed by two authors. After excluding unrelated studies and duplicate records, a total of 12 articles were selected for the final review.
Results: The use of pagers often lacks standardisation, content, format, urgency level, and clarity within the message. Some studies reported that medical staff preferred in-person interactions with consults instead of communicating over the phone or pagers. Productive communication can reduce the turnaround time by up to 50%. The key challenges are; (1) data security and privacy, (2) timely acknowledgement of received communication, (3) lack of two-way communications causing issues in critical care situations and (4) there is no standard process for the in-hospital communications.
Conclusion: We found that the clinicians' age, experience, speciality and preferences greatly matter and influence the selection of tools and technology in healthcare. With revolutionary advances in technology, smartphones have inevitably become beneficial to healthcare, owing to multiple instant messaging applications (apps) that can streamline encrypted clinical communication between medical teams and could be safely used for in-hospital communications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18717 | DOI Listing |
World J Emerg Surg
August 2025
American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
On September 17, 2024, Lebanon experienced a mass-casualty event involving the simultaneous detonation of explosive-laden pagers, resulting in 12 fatalities and injuries to nearly 3,000 individuals, primarily involving the eyes, face, and hands. This unprecedented attack marked the first large-scale use of mass communication devices as weapons. Hospitals, particularly the American University of Beirut’s Department of Ophthalmology, faced extraordinary challenges in managing these injuries, performing over 80 vision-saving surgeries within four days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
August 2025
School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Background: Peripheral intravascular catheters (PIVCs) are indispensable vascular access devices in healthcare, facilitating the administration of intravenous therapies. Despite their vital role, PIVCs are frequently associated with complications such as occlusion, infection, and thrombosis, which contribute to catheter failure. Flushing catheters is one of the most common practices during PIVC maintenance, as it cleans the internal catheter lumen, ensuring patency and reducing the risk of complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisaster Med Public Health Prep
August 2025
Department of Emergency Medicine, https://ror.org/00wmm6v75American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
A novel type of mass casualty incident (MCI) occurred in Lebanon in September 2024, involving the detonation of weaponized communication devices "pagers and 2-way radios." The explosions resulted in 2931 injuries and 37 fatalities. This article explores the unique challenges posed by this event.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Trauma Acute Care Surg
August 2025
From the LAU Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine (A.S., S.T., K.S., M.H., V.Y.K., R.B., S.S., J.B., K.Y., R.C., T.C.), Lebanese American University, Byblos; and Department of Internal Medicine (Z.A.A., T.C.), Department of Ophthalmology (K.S., J.B.), Department of Emergency Medicine (
Background: On September 17, 2024, multiple small-scale explosions caused by pager devices occurred across Lebanon, resulting in numerous casualties. This study aims to characterize the injury patterns, surgical interventions, and hospitalization needs following this unprecedented event.
Methods: This case series included patients admitted to a tertiary care medical center in Lebanon following the explosions.
Injury
May 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Hotel-Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon; Saint Joseph University, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.
Background: The incidence of ocular injuries in modern conflicts has significantly increased, particularly in explosive device-related incidents. This study aims to investigate and characterize the nature and outcomes of ocular injuries resulting from the September 2024 pagers explosions in Lebanon, which caused over 37 deaths and 3,000 injuries.
Methods: This retrospective descriptive study analyzed 38 patients (76 eyes) with ocular injuries who presented to the Hôtel-Dieu de France hospital following the Pager explosion in Lebanon on September 17-18, 2024.