New perspective on effect of β-cyclodextrin on nitrification-denitrification and denitrification phosphorus removal in biogenic manganese oxides driven moving bed biofilm reactor: Performance evaluation, microbial community and process.

Effect of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on simultaneous removal of NH-N, NO-N, COD, and phosphorus (P) in biogenic manganese oxides (BioMnOx) driven moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was investigated. 58.64% and 86.32%, 79.65% and 98.39%, 62.45% and 97.30%, and 24.80% and 95.90% of TN and COD were removed in phases I-IV, indicating that simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) efficiencies were 75.44%, 83.91%, 72.71%, and 35.83%, respectively. Composition and fluorescence spectral characteristics of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) were evaluated including the removal kinetics of TN and COD. Metabolic activity of Mn, decolorization performance of BioMnOx, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) characteristics were determined in biofilm. Furthermore, intermediate Mn and BioMnOx concentration were analyzed. Finally, the removal process of nitrogen (N) and P was proposed based on characterizations of elemental characterization, electrochemistry, and microbial community. This study provides new insights into the N and P removal mediated by BioMnOx and β-CD.