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Background: Pleural involvement by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), especially NTM empyema in the immunocompetent patient without pulmonary diseases is a rare disease. It is difficult to diagnose with only a few cases of immunodeficient patients in the literature.
Case Presentation: We describe a 63-year-old male with empyema due to NTM and highlight the challenges of diagnosis.
Conclusions: Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection should be considered as a cause of pleuritis or empyema without pulmonary disease, however it is a real diagnostic dilemma.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-023-02494-5 | DOI Listing |
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen
September 2025
Avdeling for bildediagnostikk, Sykehuset Østfold.
Background: Though rare, sphenoid sinusitis can cause abducens nerve palsy because of the anatomical proximity of the sphenoid sinus and the abducens nerve.
Case Presentation: A male patient in his late seventies presented with double vision and left abducens nerve palsy. Imaging revealed sinus opacifications later identified as due to Scedosporium apiospermum, a rare fungal pathogen.
Cureus
August 2025
Translational Medicine, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, USA.
In this report, we present the case of a 39-year-old immunocompetent female with acute meningitis/encephalitis secondary to human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6). Her initial symptoms included fever, hallucinations, and tremors, which prompted a broad diagnostic workup for infectious and autoimmune causes of encephalopathy. Her cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) initially tested negative for viral pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
August 2025
Infectious Diseases, Methodist University Hospital, Memphis, USA.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a bacterium commonly known to cause mild respiratory infections, especially in young children. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a herpesvirus that causes infectious mononucleosis, typically a mild illness in younger individuals. However, in its severe form, EBV can cause pneumonia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
September 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.
Rationale: Japanese spotted fever (JSF) is a rare tick-borne disease caused by Rickettsia japonica. Atypical manifestations and a lack of standardized diagnostic assays often result in delayed diagnosis and treatment, potentially leading to life-threatening complications.
Patient Concerns: A 57-year-old immunocompetent female from a region with no previously reported JSF cases presented with acute-onset high-grade fever (39.