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A recent “umbrella” review examined various biomarkers relating to the serotonin system, and concluded there was no consistent evidence implicating serotonin in the pathophysiology of depression. We present reasons for why this conclusion is overstated, including methodological weaknesses in the review process, selective reporting of data, over-simplification, and errors in the interpretation of neuropsychopharmacological findings. We use the examples of tryptophan depletion and serotonergic molecular imaging, the two research areas most relevant to the investigation of serotonin, to illustrate this.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41380-023-02095-y | DOI Listing |
Front Neurol
August 2025
Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Introduction: Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a common neurological condition that often goes undiagnosed, especially in children. Characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs, it is typically more pronounced in the evening and at rest. Growing Pains (GP), common in childhood and associated with migraine, present apparently overlapping symptoms with RLS, making it sometimes difficult to distinguish between the two.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Public Health
September 2025
Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital 6 of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China.
Objective: To investigate the neural and molecular correlates of occupational burnout in nurses by integrating resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI), clinical assessments, brain-wide gene expression, and neurotransmitter atlases.
Methods: Fifty-one female nurses meeting burnout criteria and 51 matched healthy controls underwent 3 T rs-fMRI. We analyzed fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) and seed-based functional connectivity (FC), correlating findings with burnout (emotional exhaustion [EE], depersonalization [DP], and personal accomplishment [PA]).
Neurotoxicology
September 2025
Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavioral (LAFICO), Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil. Electronic address:
Ketamine has been widely used as a recreational substance by adolescents and young adults in nightclubs and raves in an acute manner, especially during the weekend. Considering the scarcity of evidence on the harmful consequences of adolescent ketamine recreational use on the central nervous system, primarily related to motor function, this study aimed to investigate the behavioral, biochemical, and neurochemical consequences on motor function induced by ketamine use, evaluating the motor cortex, cerebellum, and striatum in early abstinence. Adolescent female Wistar rats (28 days old) received ketamine by intranasal route (10mg/kg/day) for 3 consecutive days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosci Biobehav Rev
September 2025
State Key Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong, China; Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong, China. Electronic address:
Over the last decades, the traditional 'Homo economicus' model has been increasingly challenged by converging evidence highlighting the critical impact of emotions on decision-making. A classic example is the perception of unfairness in the Ultimatum Game, where humans willingly sacrifice personal gains to punish fairness norm violators. While emotional mechanisms underlying such costly punishment are widely acknowledged, the distinct contributions of moral emotions, particularly anger and disgust, remain debated, partly due to methodological limitations in conventional experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cardiovasc Med
August 2025
Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Panic Disorder (PD) is a prevalent psychiatric condition characterized by recurrent episodes of acute severe anxiety. These episodes frequently present with symptoms that overlap with those of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as elevated blood pressure and chest pain. Despite the prevalence and impact of this comorbidity, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood and remain underexplored.
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