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The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. Although the pro-survival members of this family can help cancer cells evade apoptosis, they may also produce apoptotic vulnerabilities that can potentially be exploited therapeutically. Apoptotic vulnerabilities can be driven by endogenous factors including altered genetics, signaling, metabolism, structure and lineage or differentiation state as well as imposed factors, the most prominent being exposure to anti-cancer agents. The recent development of BH3 mimetics that inhibit pro-survival BCL-2 family proteins has allowed these apoptotic vulnerabilities to be targeted with demonstrable clinical success. Here, we review the key concepts that are vital for understanding, uncovering, and exploiting apoptotic vulnerabilities in cancer for the potential improvement of patient outcomes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trecan.2022.10.004 | DOI Listing |
The intrinsic ability of cancer cells to evade death underpins tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis and the survival of drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cells. Herein, we discovered that when activated, the small GTPase ARF6 plays a central role in tumor survival by facilitating expression of the BRAF oncoprotein. Tumor-specific deletion caused a significant reduction in BRAF protein and MAPK signaling and prevented rapid tumor progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntioxidants (Basel)
August 2025
Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as double-edged swords in cancer biology-facilitating tumor growth, survival, and metastasis at moderate levels while inducing oxidative damage and cell death when exceeding cellular buffering capacity. To survive under chronic oxidative stress, cancer cells rely on robust antioxidant systems such as the glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx), and superoxide dismutases (SODs). These systems maintain redox homeostasis and sustain ROS-sensitive signaling pathways including MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB, STAT3, and HIF-1α.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao
August 2025
School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, Liaoning, China.
The Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell is the most representative mammalian cell protein expression system, and it is widely used in recombinant protein, vaccine and other biopharmaceutical fields. However, due to its vulnerability to environmental factors, apoptosis, and metabolic inhibitors, CHO cells demonstrate poor robustness, and thus the integrated viable cell density and unit cell productivity are largely limited. To improve the robustness and foreign protein expression efficiency of CHO cells, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 to knock out the apoptosis genes and and the lactate dehydrogenase gene , thereby blocking apoptosis and lactic acid metabolism pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Psychiatry
August 2025
Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing Key Laboratory for Big Data Innovative Application of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorders; NHC Key Laboratory of Menta
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by genetic predisposition and alterations in brain structural connectivity. While existing studies have established associations between genetic variants and neuroanatomical features, the specific relationships in ADHD remained poorly understood. To address this gap, we developed adversarial deep canonical correlation analysis models (A-DCCA) to disentangle ADHD-specific and non-specific "gene-white matter" association patterns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Metab
August 2025
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Background: Lipid homeostasis is critical for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell survival under hypoxic and nutrient-deprived conditions. Hypoxia inhibits unsaturated lipid biosynthesis, compelling cancer cells to depend on exogenous unsaturated lipids to counteract saturated lipid-induced toxicity. Our previous work revealed that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) secrete unsaturated lipids, primarily lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs), to alleviate lipotoxic stress in PDAC cells.
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