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Background: Standard precautions (SPs) are first-line strategies with a dual goal: to protect health care workers from occupational contamination while providing care to infected patients and to prevent/reduce health care-associated infections (HAIs). This study aimed at (1) identifying the instruments currently available for measuring healthcare professionals' compliance with standard precautions; (2) evaluating their measurement properties; and (3) providing sound evidence for instrument selection for use by researchers, teachers, staff trainers, and clinical tutors.
Methods: We carried out a systematic review to examine the psychometric properties of standard precautions self-assessment instruments in conformity with the COSMIN guidelines. The search was conducted on the databases PubMed, CINAHL, and APA PsycInfo.
Results: Thirteen instruments were identified. These were classified into four categories of tools assessing: compliance with universal precautions, adherence to standard precautions, compliance with hand hygiene, and adherence to transmission-based guidelines and precautions. The psychometric properties of instruments and methodological approaches of the included studies were often not satisfactory. Only four instruments were classified as high-quality measurements.
Conclusions: The available instruments that measure healthcare professionals' compliance with standard precautions are of low-moderate quality. It is necessary that future research completes the validation processes undertaken for long-established and newly developed instruments, using higher-quality methods and estimating all psychometric properties.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11101408 | DOI Listing |
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol
September 2025
Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Objective: To describe trends in the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antibiotic-resistant organisms (AROs) in Canadian acute-care hospitals.
Design: Repeated point prevalence surveys.
Setting: Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP) hospitals.
BMC Geriatr
September 2025
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gülhane Health Sciences Faculty, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye.
Background: It is an undeniable fact that older adults constitute a particularly vulnerable segment of society, facing an elevated risk of both malnutrition and food insecurity. These are two important problems that impact their general health, in addition to their dietary status. Additionally, food insecurity and malnutrition can affect compliance with the Mediterranean diet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
July 2025
Private Practice, Humanis Dental Center, Perugia, ITA.
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a rare inherited cardiac condition associated with a heightened risk of malignant arrhythmias, particularly during exposure to various pharmacological agents, including certain local anesthetics with sodium channel-blocking properties. This condition often generates significant concern among dental professionals, as the routine use of local anesthetics raises uncertainty about safety protocols and perceived medico-legal risks, frequently leading to patient refusal. The result is a silent yet systematic exclusion of these patients from standard pathways of care, with implications that extend beyond the clinical domain to encompass ethical, deontological, and social dimensions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Health Serv Res
September 2025
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Science, The University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Background: In the context of Cameroon, where maternal and neonatal mortality remain a serious concern, unsystematic compliance with standard precautions increases the risk of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and other medical hazards. The present investigation aimed at assessing the baseline understanding of hand hygiene principles and perceptions, experience of occupational exposure to body fluids, and preventive vaccination coverage among HCWs in the obstetrics-gynecology ward of a referral hospital in Yaoundé.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the obstetrics-gynecology department of the health facility from April to July 2024.
Clin Chim Acta
August 2025
Institut de médecine légale, 11 rue Humann, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
Background And Aims: On numerous occasions during hearings at the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), it has been advocated by the anti-doping authorities that the results of hair tests should be interpreted with utmost precautions. This was due to the lack of data for the interpretation of the results. In particular, the knowledge of the expected concentrations after a single exposure and after a doping regimen can be missing.
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