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Background: is the causative agent of the bacterial cold-water disease and rainbow trout fry syndrome. Owing to the issues associated with increasing use of antibiotics to control the diseases, phage therapy has been proposed as an alternative method to control infection within the industry.
Materials And Methods: We explored two simple and fast strategies for the isolation of evolved phages, using three well-characterized phages FpV4, FpV9, and FPSV-S20.
Results: During serial transfer experiments, 12 evolved phages were selected 72-96 h after phage exposure in the first or second week. Phenotype analysis showed improvement of host range and efficiency of plating and adsorption constants. Comparative genomic analysis of the evolved phages identified 13 independent point mutations causing amino acid changes mostly in hypothetical proteins.
Conclusions: These results confirmed the reliability and effectivity of two strategies to isolate evolved phages, which may be used to expand phage-host range and target phage-resistant pathogens in phage therapy applications against infections.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/phage.2022.0006 | DOI Listing |
mBio
September 2025
Flinders Accelerator for Microbiome Exploration, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) ESKAPE pathogens pose a significant global health threat due to their ability to evade antibiotics through intrinsic and acquired mechanisms. These bacteria, including , , , , , and species, evade antibiotics through intrinsic and adaptive mechanisms. Common strategies include capsule formation, biofilm, β-lactamase production, and efflux activity.
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September 2025
Department of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
bacteria exhibit a range of relationships with aphids. They may be co-obligate mutualists, commensals, or even pathogens depending on the strain, aphid host species, and environment. CWBI-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhilos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
September 2025
Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
Bacteriophages (phages), viral predators of bacteria, generate selection pressure that causes bacteria to evolve defence systems. Type I, II and III restriction enzymes cleave incoming non-modified phage DNAs. Phages have evolved to defend against these restriction systems by modifying their DNA so that they are no longer suitable substrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhilos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
September 2025
Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
pathogenicity islands (SaPIs) are prototypical members of the phage-inducible chromosomal islands (PICI) family. These elements redirect helper phage capsid assembly to produce smaller capsids, accommodating the satellite genome while excluding the phage genome. This study identifies how SaPIpT1028 mediates capsid redirection through a unique gene, (redirecting capsid morphogenesis).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhilos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
September 2025
University of Exeter Environment and Sustainability Institute, Penryn TR10 9FE, UK.
Bacteria evolve resistance against their phage foes with a wide range of resistance strategies whose costs and benefits depend on the level of protection they confer and on the costs for maintainance. can evolve resistance against its phage DMS either by surface mutations that prevent phage binding or through CRISPR-Cas immunity. CRISPR immunity carries an inducible cost whose exact origin is still unknown, and previous work suggested it stems from the inability of the CRISPR-Cas system to completely prevent phage DNA injection and subsequent gene expression before clearing the phage infection.
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