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The dentate gyrus (DG) is an integral portion of the hippocampal formation, and it is composed of three layers. Quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has the capability to map brain tissue microstructural properties which can be exploited to investigate neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, assessing subtle pathological changes within layers requires high resolution imaging and histological validation. In this study, we utilized a 16.4 Tesla scanner to acquire ex vivo multi-parameter quantitative MRI measures in human specimens across the layers of the DG. Using quantitative diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and multi-parameter MR measurements acquired from AD (N = 4) and cognitively normal control (N = 6) tissues, we performed correlation analyses with histological measurements. Here, we found that quantitative MRI measures were significantly correlated with neurofilament and phosphorylated Tau density, suggesting sensitivity to layer-specific changes in the DG of AD tissues.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103318 | DOI Listing |
Schizophr Res
September 2025
Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA. Electronic address:
Alterations in hippocampal structure and function are established in schizophrenia. However, the specific patterns of hippocampal activity along the schizophrenia course remain unknown. Eighty-five study participants [34 schizophrenia probands (SZ), 32 first-degree relatives (REL), 19 healthy controls (HC)] underwent 3Tesla ultra-high resolution brain MRI (Vascular Space Occupancy); relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV)-an index of regional activity-was estimated across hippocampal subfields: dentate gyrus (DG), CA3, CA1, and subiculum (SUB).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Immunopharmacol
September 2025
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, #1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address:
β-Glucan, a polysaccharide from Saccharomyces cerevisiae with immunomodulatory activities that may not trigger pro-inflammatory responses in microglia, has been reported to show rapid antidepressant effects in chronically stressed animals by restoring microglial function in the dentate gyrus. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect of β-glucan are still largely unclear. Considering the importance of astrocytic purinergic 2Y1 receptors (P2Y1Rs) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the antidepressant effects of microglial stimulation, we hypothesize that β-glucan produces antidepressant effects by mobilizing astrocytic P2Y1R-triggered BDNF signaling in the hippocampus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
September 2025
Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA. Electronic address:
An adverse gestational environment is a risk factor for the development of psychiatric disorders. Although studies have implicated modifications in neuronal DNA and chromatin, how these changes come about and lead to abnormal behaviors is not known. We sought to identify persistent DNA/chromatin and transcriptomic signatures induced by a proinflammatory gestational environment in the ventral dentate gyrus (vDG), a hippocampal region linked to anxiety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurobiol Dis
September 2025
University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine, Department of Neurological Sciences, Omaha, NE, USA. Electronic address:
Amongst the major histopathological hallmarks in Alzheimer's disease are intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting of hyperphosphorylated and aggregated Tau, synaptic dysfunction, and synapse loss. We have previously shown evidence of synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction in a mouse model of Tauopathy that overexpresses human Tau (hTau). Here, we questioned whether the levels or activity of Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in mitophagy, can influence Tau-induced synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Pharmacother
September 2025
Department of Pharmacology, College of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is marked by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque buildup, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, neuronal loss, and impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). Taurine has shown protective effects in various cellular and animal models of AD, though the molecular mechanisms of free taurine and its effects in patient-derived models remain underexplored. This study evaluates taurine's therapeutic potential using integrated in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo approaches.
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