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Discourse comprehension involves the construction of a mental representation of the situation model as well as a continuous update of this representation. This mental update is cognitively demanding and likely engages the multiple-demand network. However, there is little evidence for the involvement of the multiple-demand network during situation updating. In this study, we used fMRI to test whether situation updating based on the change of spatial location activated the multiple-demand network. In a discourse comprehension task, readers read two-sentence discourses in which the second sentence either continues or introduces a shift of the spatial location information presented in the first sentence. Compared to situation continuation, situation updating reliably activated the right superior parietal lobule. This area is a part of the multiple-demand network as defined by a digit N-back localizer task and locates within the dorsal attention network as defined in the previous study by Yeo et al. in 2011. Our results provide evidence for the reliable involvement of a specific area of the multiple-demand network in situation updating during high-level discourse processing.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.26198 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
August 2025
School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom.
Prediction errors drive learning by signaling mismatches between expectations and reality, but the neural systems supporting these computations remain debated. The hippocampus is implicated in mismatch detection, yet it is not known whether it signals mismatches with episodic memories or generalized knowledge. Across three functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) experiments, we show that the hippocampus selectively responds to mismatches with episodic memories of specific events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Psychol
August 2025
Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Executive cognitive functions are essential for human life, and their age- or disease-related decline significantly impacts quality of life. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) targeting the multiple-demand or fronto-parietal network (FPN) has emerged as a promising intervention for enhancing various executive cognitive functions. However, variations in cognitive tasks and stimulation protocols across studies led to mixed results, rendering findings and conclusions incomparable.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosci
August 2025
Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215.
Selectivity for sensory modality characterizes distinct subregions of the human brain, well beyond the primary sensory cortices. We previously identified frontal and posterior cortical regions that are preferentially recruited for visual vs. auditory attention and working memory (WM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropsychologia
October 2025
Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Burlington Danes, The Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Flexible behaviour requires cognitive-control mechanisms to efficiently mediate conflict between competing information and alternative actions. Whether a global neural resource mediates all forms of conflict or this is achieved within domain-specific systems remains unclear. We use a novel fMRI paradigm to orthogonally manipulate rule, response and stimulus-based conflict within a full-factorial design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCortex
September 2025
Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology & Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK. Electronic address:
Effective communication involves a delicate balance between generating novel, engaging content and maintaining a coherent narrative. The neural mechanisms underlying this balance between coherence and creativity in discourse production remain unexplored. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between coherence and creativity in spontaneous speech, with a specific focus on the interaction among three key neural networks: the Default Mode Network, Multiple-Demand Network, and the Semantic Control Network.
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