Study of Post-Kidney Transplantation Parietal Complications and Presarcopenia.

Background: Sarcopenia is defined as a loss of muscle mass and strength. Its effects on postoperative outcomes in oncology and geriatrics have already been shown. Approximately 40% of patients in end-stage renal failure are affected with sarcopenia. A recent study suggests that sarcopenia could predict surgical complications after renal transplantation in obese patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sarcopenia on parietal complications (eg, wound healing, lymphocele, hematoma).

Methods: Two indices of muscle fat infiltration (intra-muscular adipose content [IMAC], Hounsfield unit average calculation [HUAC]) and 3 of muscle mass index (total psoas index [TPI], visceral fat area/total abdominal muscle area [VFA/TAMA], and skeletal muscle mass index [SMMI]) were retrospectively measured on pretransplant computed tomography scans for patients undergoing kidney transplantation between 2007 and 2017. Patients were considered sarcopenic when the index was above the third quartile for muscle fat infiltration (IMAC, HUAC) and VFA/TAMA, and under the first quartile for muscle mass (TPI, SMMI). The occurrence of wound healing, collection (hematoma and lymphocele), and acute rejection were compared between sarcopenic and nonsarcopenic patients.

Results: Of 484 transplanted patients, 117 patients had a computed tomography scan before transplantation. Patients with a high HUAC had significantly more collections (P = .02) and total parietal complications (P = .09). Patients with a high IMAC had significantly more acute rejection (P = .001).

Conclusions: Muscle fat infiltration appears to influence the outcome of renal transplantation. The management of sarcopenia in pretransplantation should be a subject of further research.