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Poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) is a biodegradable elastomer that has attracted increasing attention as a potential material for applications in biological tissue engineering. The conventional method of synthesis, first described in 2002, is based on the polycondensation of glycerol and sebacic acid, but it is a time-consuming and energy-intensive process. In recent years, new approaches for producing PGS, PGS blends, and PGS copolymers have been reported to not only reduce the time and energy required to obtain the final material but also to adjust the properties and processability of the PGS-based materials based on the desired applications. This review compiles more than 20 years of PGS synthesis reports, reported inconsistencies, and proposed alternatives to more rapidly produce PGS polymer structures or PGS derivatives with tailor-made properties. Synthesis conditions such as temperature, reaction time, reagent ratio, atmosphere, catalysts, microwave-assisted synthesis, and PGS modifications (urethane and acrylate groups, blends, and copolymers) were revisited to present and discuss the diverse alternatives to produce and adapt PGS.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.1033827 | DOI Listing |
Korean J Med Educ
September 2025
Department of Family Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey.
Purpose: This study investigated how socio-cultural characteristics, including gender, age, socioeconomic status, religiosity, and parental education, influence the gender perceptions of medical students and how these perceptions are influenced by medical education.
Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 380 volunteer medical students who completed a questionnaire comprising sociodemographic items, the validated Nijmegen Gender Awareness in Medical Scale, and the Perception of Gender Scale (PGS). Statistical significance was set at p<0.
J Epidemiol
September 2025
Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Disaster Reconstruction Center, Iwate Medical University.
Background: The potential impacts of polygenic scores (PGS) on health-behavior changes are not fully understood. The Iwate PGS Assessment and Risk Communication Study aims to investigate the effects of reporting PGS-based risk for ischemic stroke on health behaviors.
Methods: Participants wishing to know their PGS-based ischemic stroke risk were recruited from health checkup venues for workers in Iwate Prefecture in 2023.
J Affect Disord
September 2025
PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Background: While genetic factors are important influences on maternal mental health, few studies have used symptom-level analyses to examine how genetic liability is related to the experience of specific mental health problems in mothers. A symptom-level approach can account for disorder heterogeneity and delineate key associations between genetic liabilities and mental health.
Methods: Three waves of data (30 weeks of gestation, 6 and 18 months postpartum) from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) were used to assess item-level associations between genetic liabilities to depression, anxiety, neuroticism and positive affect, and maternal mental health phenotypes (i.
Psychoneuroendocrinology
August 2025
Laboratory of Physiological Genomics of Mental Health (PhysioGen Lab), Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:
Altered cortisol regulation is implicated in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but causality remains debated. While meta-analyses suggest that lower basal cortisol levels, especially in the morning, correlate with ADHD, study heterogeneity prompts further inquiry. Leveraging post-genome-wide association approaches, we examined morning cortisol levels (n = 25,314) and ADHD (n = 225,543).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntipyretic analgesics are typical pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) that are widely used in our daily life because they relieve fever and pain, and have anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic properties. These drugs inhibit the synthesis and release of prostaglandins (PGs) in the neurons of the anterior hypothalamus and exert therapeutic effects as a consequence. However, these drugs are relatively commonly misused and abused, often owing to a lack of proper medication guidance.
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