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http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2212542 | DOI Listing |
Diabetes Metab Res Rev
September 2025
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Aim: Our aim was to ascertain whether metformin can reduce insulin requirement without compromising glycaemic control during pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes.
Methods: A total of 126 pregnant women with type 1 diabetes were recruited for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre study. The primary outcome was total insulin change, defined as the difference between baseline and third trimester maximum insulin dose (IU).
Osteoarthritis Cartilage
September 2025
Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Electronic address:
Aim: To summarise key epidemiological and therapeutic research on osteoarthritis (OA) published between April 2024 and March 2025.
Methods: A narrative review was conducted using the MEDLINE database, focusing on English-language studies involving human participants published between April 1, 2024 and March 31, 2025. Eligible studies included observational longitudinal studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and phase II-IV randomised controlled trials (RCTs) examining OA treatment and epidemiology.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab
August 2025
Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address:
Maternal type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of several pregnancy complications and its prevalence is rising globally. Metformin, an oral medication that is first-line therapy for T2D outside of pregnancy, has the potential to improve glycemic control and reduce insulin requirements, without contributing to maternal hypoglycemia or weight gain. However, it crosses the placenta, and up until recently, very few clinical trials existed that studied its role in T2D pregnancies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Cancer Res
September 2025
Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Purpose: Pretreatment specimens from patients treated on the I-SPY2 neoadjuvant breast cancer trial were studied to identify prespecified biomarkers associated with response to the regimen of paclitaxel, the anti-type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) antibody ganitumab, and metformin (PGM) followed by doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC) compared with control therapy (paclitaxel followed by AC). The primary endpoint of this trial is pathologic complete response (pCR).
Experimental Design: One hundred six patients treated with PGM and 119 contemporary controls were evaluated using laser capture microdissection and reverse-phase protein array to evaluate 32 prespecified potential predictive biomarkers in the IGF-1R pathway and 109 additional exploratory endpoints.
Front Nutr
August 2025
Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States.
Background And Objective: Combining natural compounds with conventional drugs is an emerging strategy to improve the management of type 2 diabetes and its precursor, prediabetes. While metformin effectively lowers blood glucose and improves insulin sensitivity, it may cause side effects or lose efficacy over time. Natural agents, particularly polyphenols, are being explored as adjunct therapies to enhance glycemic control, mitigate adverse effects, and slow disease progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF