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Nonsmooth nonlinear systems can model many practical processes with discontinuous property and are difficult to be stabilized by classical control methods like smooth nonlinear systems. This article considers the output-feedback adaptive neural network (NN) control problem for nonsmooth nonlinear systems with input deadzone and saturation. First, the nonsmooth input deadzone and saturation is converted to a smooth function of affine form with bounded estimation error by means of the mean-value theorem. Second, with the help of approximation theorem and Filippov's differential inclusion theory, the given nonsmooth system is converted to an equivalent smooth system model. Then, by introducing a proper logarithmic barrier Lyapunov function (BLF), an output-feedback adaptive NN strategy is set up by constructing an appropriate observer and adopting the adaptive backstepping technique. A new stability criterion is established to guarantee that all the signals in the closed-loop system are semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB). Finally, comparative simulations through Chua's oscillator are offered to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TCYB.2022.3222351 | DOI Listing |
Forensic Sci Int Synerg
June 2025
Department of Anthropology and Middle Eastern Cultures Mississippi State University, 340 Lee Blvd., Starkville, MS, 39762, USA.
Chaos theory, initially developed by Edward Lorenz, a mathematician and meteorologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, has evolved from a theory of the natural and physical sciences to a theory that has broad, interdisciplinary applications. Fundamentally, chaos theory connects various scientific disciplines by explaining how seemingly random behaviors that happen in non-linear or "chaotic" systems, no matter how minor, can lead to major consequences. While forensic anthropology is often considered an a-theoretical subfield of anthropology, the discipline has witnessed a proliferation of theoretical publications in recent years.
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August 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) presents a significant burden to patients, families, and the healthcare system. The ability to accurately predict functional outcomes for SCI patients is essential for optimizing rehabilitation strategies, guiding patient and family decision making, and improving patient care.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 589 SCI patients admitted to a single acute rehabilitation facility and used the dataset to train advanced machine learning algorithms to predict patients' rehabilitation outcomes.
Med Phys
September 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic in Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
Background: Dose-driven continuous scanning (DDCS) enhances the efficiency and precision of proton pencil beam delivery by reducing beam pauses inherent in discrete spot scanning (DSS). However, current DDCS optimization studies using traveling salesman problem (TSP) formulations often rely on fixed beam intensity and computationally expensive interpolation for move spot generation, limiting efficiency and methodological robustness.
Purpose: This study introduces a Break Spot-Guided (BSG) method, combined with two acceleration strategies-dose rate skipping and bounding-to optimize beam intensity while minimizing beam delivery time (BDT).
Genome Biol
September 2025
Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany.
Background: Most RNA-seq datasets harbor genes with extreme expression levels in some samples. Such extreme outliers are usually treated as technical errors and are removed from the data before further statistical analysis. Here we focus on the patterns of such outlier gene expression to investigate whether they provide insights into the underlying biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Psychiatry
September 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Stimulant Use Disorder (StUD) is a pervasive and extremely dangerous form of addiction for which there are currently no approved medications. Discovering treatments will require a deep understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying the behavioral effects of stimulant drugs. A major target is the mesocorticolimbic system.
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