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The standard of care for esophageal malignancies has evolved over the years from open transthoracic esophagectomy to a minimally invasive approach due to the reduction in surgical trauma and significant impact on postoperative outcomes. Minimally invasive approaches include video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. These minimally invasive approaches have an attendant learning curve that early-career surgeons are required to negotiate before achieving proficiency in the procedure. Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury is a particularly significant problem, especially in the presence of enlarged supracarinal lymph nodes, which mandate a 3-field lymphadenectomy. With technological advances and the use of intraoperative nerve monitoring, iatrogenic nerve injury can at best be avoided or at least be recognized, and corrective measures can be undertaken to reduce postoperative morbidity. In this video tutorial, we demonstrate a standard robot-assisted esophagectomy and a 3-field lymphadenectomy with the use of intraoperative nerve monitoring followed by an esophagogastric anastomosis with the triangulating stapling technique.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1510/mmcts-2022-067 | DOI Listing |
J Natl Cancer Cent
April 2025
Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Background: 3-field lymph node dissection (3FL) frequently lead to much more perioperative complications than 2-field lymph node dissection (2FL). This study was designed as a non-inferiority trial to evaluate whether 3FL could be omitted without compromising overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in the patients with resectable thoracic esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) and negative right recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph nodes (RRLN-LNs).
Methods: cT1b-3N0-1M0 thoracic ESCC patients were managed in 3 arms during open or minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy according to the results of frozen section examination for RRLN-LNs: if positive, direct 3FL (RRLN[+]-3FL); if negative, 2FL (RRLN[-]-2FL) or 3FL (RRLN[-]-3FL) by randomization.
Clin J Gastroenterol
February 2025
Department of Pathology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan.
Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. Surgical resection is common, but there is no consensus on perioperative treatment. Studies have reported the efficacy of programmed cell death-1 inhibitors (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Thorac Surg
January 2025
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Ann Surg Oncol
May 2024
Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Dis Esophagus
April 2024
Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The current curative multimodal treatment of advanced esophageal cancers consists of neoadjuvant or perioperative chemo(radio)therapy followed by a radical surgical resection of the primary tumor and a 2- or 3-field lymphadenectomy. One of the most important predictors of long-term survival of esophageal cancer patients is lymph node involvement. The distribution pattern of lymph node metastases in esophageal cancer is unpredictable and depends on the primary tumor location, histology, T-stage and application of neoadjuvant or perioperative treatment.
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