The emerging roles of interstitial macrophages in pulmonary fibrosis: A perspective from scRNA-seq analyses.

Front Immunol

Lung Stem Cells and Gene Therapy Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Malaysia.

Published: October 2022


Category Ranking

98%

Total Visits

921

Avg Visit Duration

2 minutes

Citations

20

Article Abstract

Pulmonary fibrosis is an irreversible and progressive disease affecting the lungs, and the etiology remains poorly understood. This disease can be lethal and currently has no specific clinical therapeutic regimen. Macrophages, the most common type of immune cell in the lungs, have been reported to play a key role in the pathogenesis of fibrotic disease. The lung macrophage population is mostly composed of alveolar macrophages and interstitial macrophages, both of which have not been thoroughly studied in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. Interstitial macrophages have recently been recognised for their participation in lung fibrosis due to new technology arising from a combination of bioinformatics and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. This paper reviews recent developments regarding lung macrophage classification and summarizes the origin and replenishment of interstitial macrophages and their function in pulmonary fibrosis.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9536737PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.923235DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

interstitial macrophages
16
pulmonary fibrosis
12
lung macrophage
8
lung fibrosis
8
macrophages
6
fibrosis
5
emerging roles
4
interstitial
4
roles interstitial
4
macrophages pulmonary
4

Similar Publications

Protocol for isolation and flow cytometric analysis of interstitial macrophages in murine lung metastasis models.

STAR Protoc

September 2025

Macrophage Lab, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Cancer Researc

Interstitial macrophages increase significantly during lung metastasis and may contribute to tumor dissemination. However, isolating them is challenging due to their localization within lung tissue and phenotypic overlap with other immune cells. Here, we present a protocol for isolating and characterizing murine interstitial macrophages.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are the first immune cells to encounter Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in the lungs, but they frequently fail to eliminate this causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), allowing Mtb to persist or replicate. Interstitial macrophages (IMs) are recruited to restrict Mtb growth and limit immune evasion. While IMs have been implicated in the control of acute Mtb infection, their role during latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) has not yet been explored.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by a complex pathogenesis and limited treatment options. Although studies have indicated that lipid metabolism dysregulation is associated with the progression of IPF, the core regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. By integrating RNA sequencing data from the GEO database, we identified four key genes related to lipid metabolism: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARG), secreted phosphoprotein 1(SPP1), caspase 3(CASP3), and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1(PECAM1).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Neutrophil extracellular traps mediate macrophage polarization and pyroptosis through the TLR9-NF-κB/AIM2 pathway exacerbating myositis-associated interstitial lung disease.

Int Immunopharmacol

September 2025

Department of Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. Electronic address:

Background: Previous studies by our research group have demonstrated that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a pathogenic role in myositis-associated interstitial lung disease (IIM-ILD). Based on this, we hypothesized that NETs may contribute to the pathogenesis of IIM-ILD by regulating macrophage polarization and pyroptosis.

Methods: Pathological studies were conducted using lung biopsy samples from a dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease (DM-ILD) patient and lung tissues from experimental autoimmune myositis (EAM) mice.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A case report of pulmonary sarcoidosis with fibrosis after COVID-19 is presented. Morphologic and immunohistochemical analysis of lung biopsies for Sars-Cov2 nucleocapsid and adhesion proteins was performed. Virus proteins were detected in alveolar macrophages, second-order pneumocytes and bronchiolar epithelium, also in granuloma-associated macrophages, multinucleated Pirogov-Langhans cells, indicating Sars-Cov2 persistence.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF