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Deep Learning for Automated 3D Assessment of Rotator Cuff Muscle Atrophy and Fat Infiltration prior to Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.
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Introduction: Rotator cuff muscle pathology affects outcomes following total shoulder arthroplasty, yet current assessment methods lack reliability in quantifying muscle atrophy and fat infiltration. We developed a deep learning-based model for automated segmentation of rotator cuff muscles on computed tomography (CT) and propose a T-score classification of volumetric muscle atrophy. We further characterized distinct atrophy phenotypes, 3D fat infiltration percentage (3DFI%), and anterior-posterior (AP) balance, which were compared between healthy controls, anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA), and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) patients.
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Background: The use of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) has increased in recent years, thanks to its application versatility. Despite this increase, there exists a significant variability in postoperative functional internal rotation (fIR), affecting patients' daily life independence. Previous literature investigated patient-related, kinematical, and surgical parameters to understand the variability in fIR outcome.
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Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical-radiographic phenomenon characterized by vasogenic edema, predominantly affecting the posterior regions of the brain. The hemorrhagic variant of PRES has been increasingly recognized, complicating the clinical picture and prognosis.
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[Epileptogenesis and risk factors of symptomatic epileptic seizures in patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents].
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova
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Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyz Republic.
Epileptic seizures are defined as transient, abnormal, excessive synchronous activity of neurons in the brain, which can be provoked or unprovoked. While unprovoked seizures are common in many idiopathic epilepsies, provoked seizures are usually caused by acute or chronic CNS conditions. These often include cerebrovascular diseases such as ischemic stroke, intracerebral and subdural hemorrhages, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
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Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a well-known condition that causes reversible vasogenic edema, mainly in the occipital lobe. However, no guideline for its diagnosis or treatment has been established to date. While many atypical cases have been reported in recent years, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome associated with cranioplasty has not yet been reported.
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