Surgically Induced Cardiac Volume Overload by Aortic Regurgitation in Mouse.

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is a common valvular heart disease that exerts volume overload on the heart and represents a global public health problem. Although mice are widely applied to shed light on the mechanisms of cardiovascular disease, mouse models of AR, especially those induced by surgery, are still paucity. Here, a mouse model of AR was described in detail which is surgically induced by disruption of the aortic valves under high-resolution echocardiography. In accordance with regurgitated blood flow, AR mouse hearts present a distinctive and clinically relevant volume overload phenotype, which is characterized by eccentric hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction, as evidenced by echocardiographic and invasive hemodynamic evaluation. Our proposal, in a reliable and reproducible manner, provides a practical guide on the establishment and assessment of a mouse model of AR for future studies on molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets of volume overload cardiomyopathy.