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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntac177 | DOI Listing |
mBio
September 2025
Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
Quorum sensing (QS) is a widespread signaling mechanism in bacteria that coordinates collective behaviors according to population density. A foundational assumption in this field is that QS functions as a gene expression switch that synchronizes responses at the population level. While some studies indeed report homogeneous on/off transitions, others report heterogeneity at the cellular level, challenging the canonical view.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Subst Use Addict Treat
September 2025
Division of General Internal Medicine, Center for Research on Health Care, University of Pittsburgh, USA.
Background: Historically, federal regulations limited take-home methadone doses largely due to concerns about methadone-related overdose. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, an emergency federal policy in March 2020 permitted states to expand take-home methadone doses. Our objective was to utilize state-level variation in take-home expansion to compare changes in methadone related overdose death rates among states that opted into and then out of expanded take-home dosing with states that opted into and continued the policy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolution
September 2025
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B2.
Intraspecific phenotypic variation provides the basic substrate upon which the evolutionary processes that give rise to morphological innovation, such as adaptation, operate. Work in living clades has shown standing population-level variation fuels ecological speciation and gives rise to adaptive radiations. Despite its importance in evolutionary biology, the role of intraspecific variation in shaping phylogenetic and macroevolutionary patterns and processes has remained underexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcology
September 2025
Biology Department, University of Massachusetts - Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Most insect herbivores specialize on a few host plants; however, there are a minority of highly generalized species capable of feeding on hundreds of hosts. Generalism could emerge as a property of the species as a whole, while individuals would still exhibit greater specialization at more specific organizational levels. Yet, we lack studies with generalist insect herbivores directly testing this prediction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhilos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
September 2025
University of Exeter Environment and Sustainability Institute, Penryn TR10 9FE, UK.
Bacteria evolve resistance against their phage foes with a wide range of resistance strategies whose costs and benefits depend on the level of protection they confer and on the costs for maintainance. can evolve resistance against its phage DMS either by surface mutations that prevent phage binding or through CRISPR-Cas immunity. CRISPR immunity carries an inducible cost whose exact origin is still unknown, and previous work suggested it stems from the inability of the CRISPR-Cas system to completely prevent phage DNA injection and subsequent gene expression before clearing the phage infection.
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