Category Ranking
98%
Total Visits
921
Avg Visit Duration
2 minutes
Citations
20
Article Abstract
In recent years, a set of immune receptors that interact with members of the nectin/nectin-like (necl) family has garnered significant attention as possible points of manipulation in cancer. Central to this axis, CD226, TIGIT, and CD96 represent ligand (CD155)-competitive co-stimulatory/inhibitory receptors, analogous to the CTLA-4/B7/CD28 tripartite. The identification of PVRIG (CD112R) and CD112 has introduced complexity and enabled additional nodes of therapeutic intervention. By virtue of the clinical progression of TIGIT antagonists and emergence of novel CD96- and PVRIG-based approaches, our overall understanding of the 'CD226 axis' in cancer immunotherapy is starting to take shape. However, several questions remain regarding the unique characteristics of, and mechanistic interplay between, each receptor-ligand pair. This review provides an overview of the CD226 axis in the context of cancer, with a focus on the status of immunotherapeutic strategies (TIGIT, CD96, and PVRIG) and their underlying biology (i.e., / interactions). We also integrate our emerging knowledge of the immune populations involved, key considerations for Fc gamma (γ) receptor biology in therapeutic activity, and a snapshot of the rapidly evolving clinical landscape.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9263721 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.914406 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Differential Immune Checkpoint Expression in CD4 and CD4 NKT Cell Populations During Healthy Pregnancy.
Int J Mol Sci
August 2025
Medical School, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary.
This study investigated the expression of immune checkpoint molecules on CD4 and CD4 NKT cell subpopulations throughout healthy pregnancy trimesters and in non-pregnant condition to understand their role in maternal-fetal immunotolerance. Using flow cytometry, we found that CD4 NKT cells significantly outnumbered CD4 NKT cells in all investigated groups. In the case of the immune checkpoint molecules, PD-1 receptor expression was significantly lower in CD4 NKT cells compared to CD4 counterpart cells only in non-pregnant women, while the PD-L1 ligand expression on CD4 NKT cells significantly decreased in the third trimester.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Novel Class of Multi-substituted Diaryl Scaffold Derivatives Inhibit Glioblastoma Progression by Targeting CD155.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most formidable malignancy in the brain, characterized by a significant resistance to treatment. The immune targeting of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) holds great promise. In this study, structural modifications of the lead compound clofoctol is conducted and structure-activity relationship analyses are performed against GBM, yielding a novel blood-brain barrier-permeable compound, B7, featuring a pivotal multi-substituted diaryl scaffold.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of TIGIT-CD226-PVR axis in mediating T cell exhaustion and apoptosis in NSCLC.
Apoptosis
April 2025
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, WuJin Hospital Afliated With Jiangsu University, WuJin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, No.2, Yongning North Road, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China.
The treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a critical challenge in oncology, primarily due to the dysfunction and exhaustion of T cells within the tumor microenvironment, which greatly limits the effectiveness of immunotherapy. This study investigates the regulatory role of the T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT)-CD226-PVR signaling axis in the exhaustion and apoptosis of cluster of differentiation (CD)27+/CD127+T cells in NSCLC. Utilizing single-cell sequencing technology, we conducted a comprehensive gene expression analysis of T cells in a mouse model of NSCLC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRevisiting T-cell adhesion molecules as potential targets for cancer immunotherapy: CD226 and CD2.
Exp Mol Med
October 2024
Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Cancer immunotherapy aims to initiate or amplify immune responses that eliminate cancer cells and create immune memory to prevent relapse. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which target coinhibitory receptors on immune effector cells, such as CTLA-4 and PD-(L)1, have made significant strides in cancer treatment. However, they still face challenges in achieving widespread and durable responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpression of CD226 on γδ T cells is lower in advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia and correlates with IgA, IgG and LDH levels.
Adv Clin Exp Med
January 2025
Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
Background: Gamma-delta (γδ) T cells comprise an important subset of human T cells, responding to viral and bacterial infections, and are significant for cancer immunosurveillance. Human γδ T cells are divided into 5 major subsets, namely Vδ1-Vδ5, of which the latter 3 have limited available literature. At present, Vδ2 is the most studied subpopulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF