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The present work documents electrophilic substitution of azaarenes, mainly isoquinolines, with hypervalent iodine diazo reagents (HIDR) followed by formal [3+2]-dipolar cycloaddition in a tandem fashion. Other azaarenes pyridines and phenanthridines too could be successfully used in the reaction. The methodology capitalizes on the umpolung nature of α-aryliodonio diazo compounds for installing a nucleophile, azaarene, at their α-position. Subsequent ylide formation and intramolecular 1,5-cyclization furnished 4,3-fused 1,2,4-triazolyl-azaarenes in good yields. The reaction is notable for its mild conditions, operational simplicity and fairly general scope.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2cc01897g | DOI Listing |
Org Lett
August 2025
Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S. C. Mallick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India.
Herein, we report a straightforward synthetic protocol to afford a series of novel Uracil-based bench-stable cyclic hypervalent iodine reagents, Uracil-benziodoxolone ( Uracil-BX). The 3c-4e weak bonds of these hitherto unreported hypervalent iodine reagents were also synthetically exploited for sulfenylation and amination at the C5 position of Uracil via an umpolung strategy. Metal-free approaches for this functionalization at the C5 position lead to various interesting Uracil derivatives that resemble medicinally important molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
July 2025
Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), and Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
A visible-light-driven deoxygenative [3 + 2] annulation between α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and electron-rich olefins was developed, which proceeded under mild conditions with a broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance, enabling straightforward access to diverse substituted cyclopentenes. This cascade annulation strategy exploited the reactivity of phosphine radical cations, generated from triarylphosphines by the oxidation with the excited-state iridium-based photocatalysts, toward olefins to form the corresponding distonic radical cations with a chain length pertinent to constructing cyclopentene scaffolds via sequential radical addition and intramolecular Wittig reaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
March 2025
School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China.
We present a novel base-mediated [3+2] cycloaddition for the regioselective synthesis of polysubstituted pyrazoles using 2-alkynyl-1,3-dithianes and sydnones. By exploiting the umpolung and nucleophilic properties of 2-alkynyl-1,3-dithianes, this method achieves efficient pyrazole construction under mild conditions with excellent regioselectivity, broad functional group tolerance, and diverse substrate compatibility. Furthermore, the unique reactivity of the dithianyl group enables facile derivatization and synthesis of highly functionalized pyrazoles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
February 2025
School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382030, India.
The selective synthesis of 4-alkyl/aryl-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione in THF and water-dependent switchable product ketothioamide is demonstrated. The presented method describes explicitly the synthesis of the extremely rare positional isomer 4-alkyl/aryl-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione, a unique structure distinct from another positional isomer, 5-alkyl/aryl-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione. The unique umpolung of the nitromethyl group is exploited for solvent-selective nucleophilic sulfur and amine addition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Lett
October 2024
Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India.
In this Letter, we disclose the development and exploitation of umpolung reactivity of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysts in generating tetracyclic indole derivatives with the introduction of a cycloheptane ring forming event. The NHC-catalyzed intramolecular vinylogous Stetter, Stetter, benzoin, and formal cross-dehydrogenative coupling transformations have been executed, enabling the construction of 3,4-cycloheptannulated indole derivatives in good to excellent yields. The developed protocols utilize an inexpensive catalyst and feature operational simplicity, atom economy, gram-scale syntheses, and postsynthetic availability.
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