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The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) through its publications recommends the estimation of Specific Absorbed Fractions (SAFs) using voxelized phantoms in order to assess the doses internally absorbed by organs exposed to ionizing radiation. In the present work, we report a large set of SAFs calculated using the ICRP Adult Female (ICRP-AF) phantom. The new Geant4-based code called InterDosi version 1.0 was used to simulate monoenergetic electrons of 20 different energies, ranging from 0.005 to 10 MeV, emitted uniformly from 18 different source organs. In order to estimate SAFs in 169 target organs/regions, 360 Monte Carlo multithreaded simulations were run on 32 CPUs of the HPC-MARWAN-CNRST computing grid. The calculated SAFs were compared to the recent results obtained using GATE 8.1 code and published by the OpenDose collaboration. It is shown that the obtained results are in well-agreement with the reference values, with absolute discrepancies less than 0.6% for a self-absorption condition and less than 5% in almost all energies for a cross-absorption condition. We concluded that InterDosi code might be used for dosimetry of internal electron emitters.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110145 | DOI Listing |
Turk J Pharm Sci
September 2025
University of Maryland, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baltimore, USA.
Objectives: Norvir oral powder [ritonavir (RTV)] employs polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate as the polymer to formulate an amorphous solid dispersion. Its oral absolute bioavailability is 70% in the fasted state, and it has negative food effects. The aim of this study was to perform in vitro dissolution of Norvir powder and Wagner-Nelson deconvolution of data under fasted, moderate fat, and high fat conditions in order to elucidate the relevance of dissolution testing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Pharm
September 2025
Johnson & Johnson, Translational PK/PD & Investigational Toxicology, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19002, United States.
Human intestinal permeability is a key determinant of the oral fraction absorbed () of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). This study evaluated the ability of an in-house canine Mdr1 (cMdr1) knockout (KO) Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cell line to correlate apparent permeability () with human small intestinal permeability (). values of 16 reference compounds with high, medium, or low permeabilities were measured in the in-house cMdr1 KO MDCK protocol under pH gradient (6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicol In Vitro
September 2025
Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya St., 142290 Pushchino, Russia.
Curcumin is a natural bioactive substance with promising biomedical applications. However, the low solubility and stability of curcumin significantly limit its potential use. The development of nanoformulations of curcumin makes it possible to circumvent the above limitations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy.
Airborne particulate matter of different size ranges, including the ultrafine fraction (PM), were collected in three e-waste treatment plants processing products and equipment of different technological levels. The extraction and analysis by GC/MS of seven classes of plastic additives, including phthalates, and non-phthalates additives (terephthalates, adipates, citrates, sebacates, trimellitates, and benzoates) was performed. Phthalate concentrations in PM and in PM were in the range 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Sci
August 2025
Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
The pharmaceutical sector is increasingly prioritizing the improvement of predictive modeling for human pharmacokinetics (PK) related to drug candidates, aiming to reduce costs and enhance efficiency in research and development. Most of these initiatives have focused on predicting drug absorption after oral administration, which is the preferred method for drug delivery. Despite significant progress in this field, accurately forecasting the fraction of the dose that is absorbed (Fa) continues to pose a considerable challenge.
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