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Long-term potentiation (LTP) is arguably the most compelling cellular model for learning and memory. While the mechanisms underlying the induction of LTP ('learning') are well understood, the maintenance of LTP ('memory') has remained contentious over the last 20 years. Here, we find that Ca-calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) contributes to synaptic transmission and is required LTP maintenance. Acute inhibition of CaMKII erases LTP and transient inhibition of CaMKII enhances subsequent LTP. These findings strongly support the role of CaMKII as a molecular storage device.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.60360 | DOI Listing |
Cell Signal
September 2025
Department of Anesthesiology and Operation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China. Electronic address:
Repeated exposure to gestational general anesthesia during pregnancy has been associated with neurodevelopmental damage and cognitive and social dysfunction in offspring. This study investigates the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for mitigating these effects. Behavioral tests revealed significant impairments in cognitive, social, and spatial learning abilities in the offspring of general anesthesia-treated mice, alongside delayed eye-opening, reduced body weight, and neuronal damage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Stimul
September 2025
Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, 92161, USA; NEATLabs, Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, 92161, USA; Mental Health Care Line, VA San Diego H
Background: Repetitive brain stimulation is hypothesized to bidirectionally modulate excitability, with low-frequency trains decreasing and high-frequency (>5 Hz) trains increasing excitability in the brain. However, most insights on the neuroplastic effects of repetitive stimulation protocols stem from non-invasive human studies (TMS/EEG) or from rodent slice physiology. Here, we developed a rodent experimental preparation enabling imaging of cellular activity during repetitive stimulation protocols in vivo to understand the mechanisms by which brain stimulation modulates excitability of prefrontal cortical neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChin Med
September 2025
Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, People's Republic of China.
Background: Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice, and age is an independent risk factor for the development of AF. Qi-Po-Sheng-Mai granule (QPSM) has been used clinically to treat aging-related AF, however, its underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood.
Methods: In this study, we established a D-galactose-induced aging rat model to evaluate the effects of QPSM on aging-related AF through electrocardiograms, echocardiography, and histopathological analysis.
Front Pharmacol
August 2025
Department of Neonatology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongq
Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether heliox preconditioning (HePC) alleviates neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis, and to explore its potential mechanism.
Methods: Blood samples and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected from rat pups were randomly divided into control group, sham group, ARDS group, ARDS + CaMKII group, ARDS + CaMKII group, and ARDS + HePC group. We also investigated the role of CaMKII by manipulating its expression .
Sci China Life Sci
August 2025
Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing, 100191, China.
Viral myocarditis, an inflammatory heart disorder caused by viral infections, often leads to poor outcomes due to the lack of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Despite the characteristic feature of cardiomyocyte death in this condition, the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic approaches remain poorly understood. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), despite its extensive history in treating various diseases, has not yet been approved for the treatment of viral myocarditis.
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