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The novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome () has progressed rapidly from an outbreak to a global pandemic, with new variants rapidly emerging. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease resulting from infection, can lead to multiorgan damage. Due to the extremely contagious and fatal nature of the virus, it has been a priority of medical research to find effective means of treatment. Amid this search, the role of vitamin D in modulating various aspects of the innate and adaptive immune system has been discussed. This review aims to consolidate the research surrounding the role of vitamin D in the treatment and prevention of COVID-19. While there are some conflicting results reported, the consensus is that vitamin D has a host of immunomodulatory effects which may be beneficial in the context of COVID-19 and that low levels of vitamin D can result in dysfunction of crucial antimicrobial effects, potentially contributing to poor prognosis. Studies also show that the effects of low vitamin D can be mitigated via supplementation, although the benefits of vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of COVID-19 remain controversial.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509048 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910559 | DOI Listing |
Nutrition
July 2025
Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Vitamin Angel Alliance, Goleta, California, USA.
Maternal undernutrition in Africa remains a public health challenge, contributing to negative pregnancy outcomes, neonatal mortality, and perpetuating intergenerational cycles of poor health. Antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS), a cost-effective intervention recognized for its potential to improve maternal and neonatal health, reduces risks of low birth weight, preterm birth, small for gestational age, and stillbirth while offering a $37 return for every $1 invested. Despite its benefits, MMS adoption across African countries remains suboptimal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
September 2025
Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Being naturally hyperglycemic and insulin insensitive, birds maintain plasma glucose levels twice as high as mammals of similar size. Recent evidence suggests that perturbation of myo-inositol (MI) plays a role in mammalian hyperglycemic regulation. Using an integrative approach, we identify a fundamental role of MI in avian metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Exp Toxicol
September 2025
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
IntroductionVitamin D overdose, often stemming from excessive supplementation rather than dietary intake. It has been associated with various conditions such as cardiovascular disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D toxicity on cardiac tissue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Allergy Immunol
September 2025
School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Background: Maternal diet during pregnancy plays a critical role in shaping infant immune development, potentially influencing the risk of atopic dermatitis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined the association between maternal dietary diversity during pregnancy and the incidence of atopic dermatitis in early childhood and explored the potential mediating role of the infant gut microbiome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropsychiatr Dis Treat
August 2025
Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Background: Vitamin interventions have emerged as a cost-effective and accessible approach to managing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), primarily for alleviating gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation. Recent studies suggest vitamins may also improve core symptoms, yet most existing research focuses on comparisons between patients and healthy controls, lacking clinically relevant, evidence-based insights.
Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted using studies retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, focusing on vitamin interventions in ASD and ADHD populations.