Scaling up antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation in Africa: A unified call for action.

Maternal undernutrition in Africa remains a public health challenge, contributing to negative pregnancy outcomes, neonatal mortality, and perpetuating intergenerational cycles of poor health. Antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS), a cost-effective intervention recognized for its potential to improve maternal and neonatal health, reduces risks of low birth weight, preterm birth, small for gestational age, and stillbirth while offering a $37 return for every $1 invested. Despite its benefits, MMS adoption across African countries remains suboptimal.

Effect of prenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation compared with iron and folic acid supplementation on size at birth and subsequent growth through 24 mo of age: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Prenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS), in comparison to iron and folic acid supplementation (IFA), improves pregnancy outcomes, but less is known about their effect on infant growth.

Objectives: We conducted a systematic review of trials comparing maternal MMS to IFA and assessed the effect on infants' anthropometric outcomes at birth, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 mo of age.

Methods: We included trials from a Cochrane review and new studies identified through systematic literature searches in 3 databases.

Barriers to cardiac rehabilitation and their association with hospital readmission in patients with heart failure.

Background: High rehospitalization rates and limited access to cardiac rehabilitation characterize heart failure in South America. This study highlights the significant barriers faced by patients, including lack of energy, awareness, and accessibility. Despite these challenges, professional exercise supervision has reduced readmission rates by more than 50%, underscoring its importance.

Arginine vasopressin, ghrelin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and substance P do not appear to be reliable biomarkers of nausea in dogs.

Objective: To determine if ACTH, cortisol, arginine vasopressin (AVP), ghrelin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and substance P (SP) blood biomarkers associated with nausea in humans have similar associations in dogs.

Methods: 7 healthy, mixed hound dogs were nausea scored using videotaped observations, and concentrations of ACTH, cortisol, AVP, ghrelin, 5-HIAA, and SP were measured in blood at baseline, after 0.5 mg/kg, IM, morphine administration, and following administration of the treatment drug.

Patient satisfaction with synchronous telehealth care after strabismus surgery.

Background: To measure patient satisfaction with synchronous telehealth care, we administered the Telemedicine Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQ) to assess the quality of care provided, its similarity to face-to-face meetings, and patients' perception of the interaction.

Methods: The Portuguese version of the TSQ was administered during 2022 to patients who received postoperative synchronous telehealth care after strabismus surgery in Curitiba, Brazil, from 2020 to 2022. The interval between the questionnaire application and teleconsultation ranged from 2 to 22 months after the telehealth encounter.

Patients with Spondylodiscitis following Chemoradiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer in a Portuguese Cancer Hospital: A Case Report.

Introduction: Head and neck cancer is an umbrella term for tumor manifestations across the head and neck regions, including the oral cavity, pharynx (including the naso, oro, and hypopharynx), larynx, and sinuses. Treatment options for head and neck cancer include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, with specific treatment plans depending upon individual tumor location and staging, together with overall patient health status. Furthermore, definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has emerged as a highly effective therapeutic option for locoregional advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer.

Measurement of perineal tears as an additional tool for laceration assessment during vaginal birth.

Introduction: Spontaneous lacerations at vaginal birth are everyday events, but their classification and management still challenge midwifery care. This study aims to measure and describe first-degree and second-degree perineal lacerations resulting from vaginal birth, describe their repair, and the education provided for care.

Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in a public maternity hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, with 87 parturients.

Do different protocols affect the success rate or bond strength of glass-ceramics repaired with composite resin? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Statement Of Problem: Intraoral repair techniques prevent unnecessary replacement of ceramic restorations, thereby increasing the survival rate. However, adhesion between ceramics and the composite resin is challenging and how different protocols influence adhesion is unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the influence of different protocols on repairing glass-ceramic surfaces with composite resins.

Compromised Mitotic Fidelity in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), which include both embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells, are widely used in fundamental and applied biomedical research. They have been instrumental for better understanding development and cell differentiation processes, disease origin and progression and can aid in the discovery of new drugs. PSCs also hold great potential in regenerative medicine to treat or diminish the effects of certain debilitating diseases, such as degenerative disorders.

Agreement of cardiac output measurements by esophageal Doppler and transesophageal echocardiography with intermittent pulmonary artery thermodilution during pharmacologic manipulation of hemodynamics in anesthetized dogs.

Objective: To compare cardiac output (CO) measurements by transesophageal echocardiography (TEECO) and esophageal Doppler monitor (EDMCO) with pulmonary artery thermodilution (PATDCO) in anesthetized dogs subjected to pharmacological interventions. The effect of treatments on EDM-derived indexes was also investigated.

Animals: 6 healthy male dogs (10.

Assessment and comparison of microcirculation and macrocirculation in horses undergoing emergency exploratory celiotomy versus elective surgical procedures.

Objective: To assess oral buccal microcirculation by hand-held videomicroscopy in horses during colic surgery, comparing microcirculation values with macrocirculatory parameters and with those of healthy elective surgical horses.

Study Design: Clinical prospective study.

Animals: Client-owned horses (nine in the colic group; 11 in the elective group).

Legal action for access to resources inefficiently made available in health care systems in Brazil: a case study on obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent chronic disease, associated with morbidity and mortality. Although effective treatment for OSA is commercially available, their provision is not guaranteed by lines of care throughout Brazil, making legal action necessary. This study aimed at presenting data related to the volume of legal proceedings regarding the access to diagnosis and treatment of OSA in Brazil.

Microglial depletion exacerbates motor impairment and dopaminergic neuron loss in a 6-OHDA model of Parkinson's disease.

6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a common neurotoxin used to induce Parkinson's disease (PD) in mice, exerting neurotoxic effects through the production of reactive oxygen species and microglial activation. However, the role of microglia in PD is still not clear, with contradictory reports showing neuroprotection or exacerbation of neuronal death. Microglial depletion aggravates motor coordination impairments and reduces tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.

Molecular profile of patients with myelofibrosis: a 10-year experience.

Objective: To analyze the karyotype test and myeloid panel with next-generation sequencing findings in patients with myelofibrosis, and to compare transplant characteristics in patients referred for bone marrow transplantation.

Methods: Retrospective, single-center study with patients diagnosed with myelofibrosis treated at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein between 2010 and 2020.

Results: A total of 104 patients with myelofibrosis were examined.

Comparison of adjuvant emulsions for their safety and ability to enhance the antibody response in horses immunized with African snake venoms.

Adjuvant emulsions are widely used to enhance the antibody response in animals used as immunoglobulin source to produce snake antivenoms. We tested the performance of four commercial emulsion adjuvants (Montanide, Freund, Carbigen, and Emulsigen-D) and an experimental adjuvant (QH-769) in the antibody response of horses towards venoms of the African snakes , , and . Montanide, Freund and Carbigen adjuvants generated the highest immune response but induced moderate/severe local lesions at the site of injection.

Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the United States Emergency Medical Services Workforce: A Scoping Review.

Objective: Emergency medical services (EMS) workforce demographics in the United States do not reflect the diversity of the population served. Despite some efforts by professional organizations to create a more representative workforce, little has changed in the last decade. This scoping review aims to summarize existing literature on the demographic composition, recruitment, retention, and workplace experience of underrepresented groups within EMS.

Grafting biomaterials associated to topical glucocorticoid: effects on pre-osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1).

The topical glucocorticoid budesonide has been prescribed before and after sinus lift surgery as adjuvant drug treatment for maxillary sinus membrane inflammation. However, there is no study on the effects of budesonide on the regenerative process of bone grafting biomaterials. We investigated the effect of the association of budesonide with some biomaterials on the growth and differentiation capacity of pre-osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1 subclone 4).

Generation and characterization of induced pluripotent stem cell line (IBBISTi004-A) from an Angelman syndrome patient carrying a class II deletion of the maternal chromosome 15q11.2-q13.

Angelman Syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by several (epi)genetic alterations. The patients present strong neurological impairment due to the absence of a functional maternal UBE3A gene in neurons. Here, we generated and characterized a new induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from a female child with Angelman syndrome harbouring a class II deletion.

Aurora kinase genetic polymorphisms: an association study in Down syndrome and spontaneous abortion.

Aneuploidies, such as Down syndrome (DS), are the leading cause of pregnancy loss. Abnormalities in aurora kinase proteins result in genomic instability and aneuploidy, mainly in tumors. Thus, polymorphisms in Aurora kinase genes could influence the occurrence of DS and spontaneous abortion.

Reliability of information available on popular websites about vaccination of pregnant women.

Objective: To analyze the reliability of information available on popular websites about vaccination of pregnant women according to the recommendations of the Brazilian Ministry of Health.

Method: Descriptive and comparative study. For data collection, a checklist composed of information on recommended, contraindicated, and indicated vaccines in special situations during pregnancy, according to the Ministry of Health, was elaborated.

A Single Dose of Marine Increases Plasma Concentrations of Lutein, β-Carotene and Zeaxanthin in Healthy Male Volunteers.

The beneficial health effects of have been associated with the presence of several nutrients and antioxidants, including carotenoids. However, the in vivo bioavailability of is still poorly evaluated. In this work, a human intervention study was conducted in 11 healthy men to evaluate the bioavailability of carotenoids within 3 days after the intake of a single dose (6 g) of dried marine containing lutein (7.